code splitting & refactors; more efficient font drawing

main/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
 set(COMPONENT_SRCS
         "app_main.c"
         "knob.c"
-        "gui.c"
+        "liquid/gui.c"
         "analog.c"
         "liquid/liquid.c"
-        "liquid/scene_root.c"
+        "scenes/scene_root.c"
-        "liquid/scene_car.c"
+        "scenes/scene_car.c"
         "graphics/nokia.c"
         "graphics/utf8.c"
         "graphics/font.c"
+        "graphics/drawing.c"
 )
-set(COMPONENT_ADD_INCLUDEDIRS "liquid" "graphics")
+set(COMPONENT_ADD_INCLUDEDIRS "." "liquid" "graphics")
 
 register_component()

main/graphics/display_spec.h

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+/**
+ * TODO file description
+ * 
+ * Created on 2020/01/05.
+ */
+
+#ifndef REFLOWER_DISPLAY_SPEC_H
+#define REFLOWER_DISPLAY_SPEC_H
+
+#define LCD_WIDTH   84 // Note: x-coordinates go wide
+#define LCD_HEIGHT  48 // Note: y-coordinates go high
+
+#endif //REFLOWER_DISPLAY_SPEC_H

main/graphics/drawing.c

@@ -0,0 +1,313 @@
+#include "drawing.h"
+#include "display_spec.h"
+#include "font.h"
+
+extern uint8_t LCD_displayMap[LCD_WIDTH * LCD_HEIGHT / 8];
+
+// This function sets a pixel on displayMap to your preferred
+// color. 1=Black, 0= white.
+void LCD_setPixel(int x, int y, enum Color bw)
+{
+    // First, double check that the coordinate is in range.
+    if ((x >= 0) && (x < LCD_WIDTH) && (y >= 0) && (y < LCD_HEIGHT)) {
+        uint8_t shift = y % 8;
+
+        if (bw) // If black, set the bit.
+            LCD_displayMap[x + (y / 8) * LCD_WIDTH] |= 1 << shift;
+        else   // If white clear the bit.
+            LCD_displayMap[x + (y / 8) * LCD_WIDTH] &= ~(1 << shift);
+    }
+}
+
+// setLine draws a line from x0,y0 to x1,y1 with the set color.
+// This function was grabbed from the SparkFun ColorLCDShield
+// library.
+void LCD_setLine(int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, enum Color bw)
+{
+    int dy = y1 - y0; // Difference between y0 and y1
+    int dx = x1 - x0; // Difference between x0 and x1
+    int stepx, stepy;
+
+    if (dy < 0) {
+        dy = -dy;
+        stepy = -1;
+    }
+    else
+        stepy = 1;
+
+    if (dx < 0) {
+        dx = -dx;
+        stepx = -1;
+    }
+    else
+        stepx = 1;
+
+    dy <<= 1; // dy is now 2*dy
+    dx <<= 1; // dx is now 2*dx
+    LCD_setPixel(x0, y0, bw); // Draw the first pixel.
+
+    if (dx > dy) {
+        int fraction = dy - (dx >> 1);
+        while (x0 != x1) {
+            if (fraction >= 0) {
+                y0 += stepy;
+                fraction -= dx;
+            }
+            x0 += stepx;
+            fraction += dy;
+            LCD_setPixel(x0, y0, bw);
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        int fraction = dx - (dy >> 1);
+        while (y0 != y1) {
+            if (fraction >= 0) {
+                x0 += stepx;
+                fraction -= dy;
+            }
+            y0 += stepy;
+            fraction += dx;
+            LCD_setPixel(x0, y0, bw);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// setRect will draw a rectangle from x0,y0 top-left corner to
+// a x1,y1 bottom-right corner. Can be filled with the fill
+// parameter, and colored with bw.
+// This function was grabbed from the SparkFun ColorLCDShield
+// library.
+void LCD_setRect(int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, bool fill, enum Color bw)
+{
+    // check if the rectangle is to be filled
+    if (fill == 1) {
+        int xDiff;
+
+        if (x0 > x1)
+            xDiff = x0 - x1; //Find the difference between the x vars
+        else
+            xDiff = x1 - x0;
+
+        while (xDiff > 0) {
+            LCD_setLine(x0, y0, x0, y1, bw);
+
+            if (x0 > x1)
+                x0--;
+            else
+                x0++;
+
+            xDiff--;
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        // best way to draw an unfilled rectangle is to draw four lines
+        LCD_setLine(x0, y0, x1, y0, bw);
+        LCD_setLine(x0, y1, x1, y1, bw);
+        LCD_setLine(x0, y0, x0, y1, bw);
+        LCD_setLine(x1, y0, x1, y1, bw);
+    }
+}
+
+// setCircle draws a circle centered around x0,y0 with a defined
+// radius. The circle can be black or white. And have a line
+// thickness ranging from 1 to the radius of the circle.
+// This function was grabbed from the SparkFun ColorLCDShield
+// library.
+void LCD_setCircle(int x0, int y0, int radius, enum Color bw, int lineThickness)
+{
+    for (int r = 0; r < lineThickness; r++) {
+        int f = 1 - radius;
+        int ddF_x = 0;
+        int ddF_y = -2 * radius;
+        int x = 0;
+        int y = radius;
+
+        LCD_setPixel(x0, y0 + radius, bw);
+        LCD_setPixel(x0, y0 - radius, bw);
+        LCD_setPixel(x0 + radius, y0, bw);
+        LCD_setPixel(x0 - radius, y0, bw);
+
+        while (x < y) {
+            if (f >= 0) {
+                y--;
+                ddF_y += 2;
+                f += ddF_y;
+            }
+            x++;
+            ddF_x += 2;
+            f += ddF_x + 1;
+
+            LCD_setPixel(x0 + x, y0 + y, bw);
+            LCD_setPixel(x0 - x, y0 + y, bw);
+            LCD_setPixel(x0 + x, y0 - y, bw);
+            LCD_setPixel(x0 - x, y0 - y, bw);
+            LCD_setPixel(x0 + y, y0 + x, bw);
+            LCD_setPixel(x0 - y, y0 + x, bw);
+            LCD_setPixel(x0 + y, y0 - x, bw);
+            LCD_setPixel(x0 - y, y0 - x, bw);
+        }
+        radius--;
+    }
+}
+
+// This function will draw a char (defined in the ASCII table
+// near the beginning of this sketch) at a defined x and y).
+// The color can be either black (1) or white (0).
+void LCD_setChar(struct Utf8Char character, int x, int y, enum Color bw)
+{
+    LCD_setCharEx(character, x, y, bw, 1);
+}
+
+void LCD_setCharEx(struct Utf8Char character, int x, int y, enum Color bw, uint8_t style)
+{
+    const struct FontGraphic *symbol = Font_GetSymbol(character);
+    bool bg = style & 0x80;
+    enum FontStyle style_real = style & 0x7F;
+
+    uint8_t column; // temp byte to store character's column bitmap
+    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) // 5 columns (x) per character
+    {
+        column = symbol->columns[i];
+        for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) // 8 rows (y) per character
+        {
+            bool bit = column & (1 << j);
+
+            if (style_real == FONT_NORMAL) {
+                if (bit) {// test bits to set pixels
+                    LCD_setPixel(x + i, y + j, bw);
+                }
+                else if (bg) {
+                    LCD_setPixel(x + i, y + j, !bw);
+                }
+            }
+            else if (style_real == FONT_DOUBLE) {
+                if (bit) {// test bits to set pixels
+                    LCD_setPixel(x + i * 2, y + j * 2, bw);
+                    LCD_setPixel(x + i * 2 + 1, y + j * 2, bw);
+                    LCD_setPixel(x + i * 2, y + j * 2 + 1, bw);
+                    LCD_setPixel(x + i * 2 + 1, y + j * 2 + 1, bw);
+                }
+                else if (bg) {
+                    LCD_setPixel(x + i * 2, y + j * 2, !bw);
+                    LCD_setPixel(x + i * 2 + 1, y + j * 2, !bw);
+                    LCD_setPixel(x + i * 2, y + j * 2 + 1, !bw);
+                    LCD_setPixel(x + i * 2 + 1, y + j * 2 + 1, !bw);
+                }
+            }
+            else if (style_real == FONT_BOLD) {
+                if (bit) {// test bits to set pixels
+                    LCD_setPixel(x + i, y + j, bw);
+                    LCD_setPixel(x + i + 1, y + j, bw);
+                }
+                else if (bg) {
+                    LCD_setPixel(x + i, y + j, !bw);
+                    LCD_setPixel(x + i + 1, y + j, !bw);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// setStr draws a string of characters, calling setChar with
+// progressive coordinates until it's done.
+// This function was grabbed from the SparkFun ColorLCDShield
+// library.
+void LCD_setStr(const char *dString, int x, int y, enum Color bw)
+{
+    LCD_setStrEx(dString, x, y, bw, 1);
+}
+
+// setStr draws a string of characters, calling setChar with
+// progressive coordinates until it's done.
+// This function was grabbed from the SparkFun ColorLCDShield
+// library.
+void LCD_setStrEx(const char *dString, int x, int y, enum Color bw, uint8_t style)
+{
+    struct Utf8Iterator iter;
+    Utf8Iterator_Init(&iter, dString);
+    bool bg = style & 0x80;
+    enum FontStyle style_real = style & 0x7F;
+
+    struct Utf8Char uchar;
+    while ((uchar = Utf8Iterator_Next(&iter)).uint) {
+        LCD_setCharEx(uchar, x, y, bw, style);
+
+        if (style_real == FONT_NORMAL) {
+            x += 5;
+            if (bg) {
+                for (int i = y; i < y + 8; i++) {
+                    LCD_setPixel(x, i, !bw);
+                }
+            }
+            x++;
+            if (x > (LCD_WIDTH - 5)) // Enables wrap around
+            {
+                x = 0;
+                y += 8;
+            }
+        }
+        else if (style_real == FONT_DOUBLE) {
+            x += 10;
+            if (bg) {
+                for (int i = y; i < y + 16; i++) {
+                    LCD_setPixel(x, i, !bw);
+                    LCD_setPixel(x + 1, i, !bw);
+                }
+            }
+            x += 2;
+            if (x > (LCD_WIDTH - 10)) // Enables wrap around
+            {
+                x = 0;
+                y += 16;
+            }
+        }
+        else if (style_real == FONT_BOLD) {
+            x += 6;
+            if (bg) {
+                for (int i = y; i < y + 8; i++) {
+                    LCD_setPixel(x, i, !bw);
+                    LCD_setPixel(x + 1, i, !bw);
+                }
+            }
+            x += 1;
+            if (x > (LCD_WIDTH - 6)) // Enables wrap around
+            {
+                x = 0;
+                y += 8;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// This function will draw an array over the screen. (For now) the
+// array must be the same size as the screen, covering the entirety
+// of the display.
+// Also, the array must reside in FLASH and declared with PROGMEM.
+void LCD_setBitmap(const char *bitArray)
+{
+    for (int i = 0; i < (LCD_WIDTH * LCD_HEIGHT / 8); i++) {
+        char c = bitArray[i];
+        LCD_displayMap[i] = c;
+    }
+}
+
+// This function clears the entire display either white (0) or
+// black (1).
+// The screen won't actually clear until you call updateDisplay()!
+void LCD_clearDisplay(enum Color bw)
+{
+    for (int i = 0; i < (LCD_WIDTH * LCD_HEIGHT / 8); i++) {
+        if (bw)
+            LCD_displayMap[i] = 0xFF;
+        else
+            LCD_displayMap[i] = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+void LCD_invertDisplayData()
+{
+    /* Indirect, swap bits in displayMap option: */
+    for (int i = 0; i < (LCD_WIDTH * LCD_HEIGHT / 8); i++) {
+        LCD_displayMap[i] ^= 0xFF;
+    }
+}

main/graphics/drawing.h

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/**
+ * TODO file description
+ * 
+ * Created on 2020/01/05.
+ */
+
+#ifndef REFLOWER_DRAWING_H
+#define REFLOWER_DRAWING_H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+
+#include "utf8.h"
+
+enum Color {
+    WHITE = 0,
+    BLACK = 1,
+};
+
+// This function sets a pixel on displayMap to your preferred
+// color. 1=Black, 0= white.
+void LCD_setPixel(int x, int y, enum Color bw);
+
+// setLine draws a line from x0,y0 to x1,y1 with the set color
+void LCD_setLine(int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, enum Color bw);
+
+// setRect will draw a rectangle from x0,y0 top-left corner to
+// a x1,y1 bottom-right corner. Can be filled with the fill
+// parameter, and colored with bw.
+void LCD_setRect(int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, bool fill, enum Color bw);
+
+// setCircle draws a circle centered around x0,y0 with a defined
+// radius. The circle can be black or white. And have a line
+// thickness ranging from 1 to the radius of the circle.
+void LCD_setCircle (int x0, int y0, int radius, enum Color bw, int lineThickness);
+
+/*
+ FONT FUNCTIONS
+ size = 1 ... normal
+ size = 2 ... 2x
+ size = 3 ... normal bold
+ size | 0x80 ... clear background behind characters
+*/
+
+enum FontStyle {
+    FONT_NORMAL = 1,
+    FONT_DOUBLE = 2,
+    FONT_BOLD = 3,
+    FONT_BG = 0x80,
+};
+
+// This function will draw a char (defined in the ASCII table
+// near the beginning of this sketch) at a defined x and y).
+// The color can be either black (1) or white (0).
+void LCD_setChar(struct Utf8Char character, int x, int y, enum Color bw);
+
+void LCD_setCharEx(struct Utf8Char character, int x, int y, enum Color bw, uint8_t style);
+
+// setStr draws a string of characters, calling setChar with
+// progressive coordinates until it's done.
+// This function was grabbed from the SparkFun ColorLCDShield
+// library.
+void LCD_setStr(const char * dString, int x, int y, enum Color bw);
+
+void LCD_setStrEx(const char *dString, int x, int y, enum Color bw, uint8_t style);
+
+// This function clears the entire display either white (0) or
+// black (1).
+// The screen won't actually clear until you call updateDisplay()!
+void LCD_clearDisplay(enum Color bw);
+
+/* Invert colors (hard change in data; does NOT send to display immediately) */
+void LCD_invertDisplayData();
+
+#endif //REFLOWER_DRAWING_H

main/graphics/font.c

@@ -4,142 +4,156 @@
 
 #define FONT_EXTRAS_START (0x7e - 0x20 + 1)
 
-const struct FontSymbol font[] = {
+struct Utf8Symbol {
-    // ASCII from 0x20 to 0x7e are ordered at the beginning for quick access by index
+    union {
-    {.symbol=" ", .graphic = {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}}, // 0x20
+        const char symbol[4];
-    {.symbol="!", .graphic = {0x00, 0x00, 0x5f, 0x00, 0x00}}, // 0x21
+        const uint32_t uint;
-    {.symbol="\"", .graphic = {0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00}}, // 0x22
+    };
-    {.symbol="#", .graphic = {0x14, 0x7f, 0x14, 0x7f, 0x14}}, // 0x23
+    struct FontGraphic graphic;
-    {.symbol="$", .graphic = {0x24, 0x2a, 0x7f, 0x2a, 0x12}}, // 0x24
+};
-    {.symbol="%", .graphic = {0x23, 0x13, 0x08, 0x64, 0x62}}, // 0x25
-    {.symbol="&", .graphic = {0x36, 0x49, 0x55, 0x22, 0x50}}, // 0x26
-    {.symbol="'", .graphic = {0x00, 0x05, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00}}, // 0x27
-    {.symbol="(", .graphic = {0x00, 0x1c, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00}}, // 0x28
-    {.symbol=")", .graphic = {0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1c, 0x00}}, // 0x29
-    {.symbol="*", .graphic = {0x14, 0x08, 0x3e, 0x08, 0x14}}, // 0x2a
-    {.symbol="+", .graphic = {0x08, 0x08, 0x3e, 0x08, 0x08}}, // 0x2b
-    {.symbol=",", .graphic = {0x00, 0x50, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00}}, // 0x2c
-    {.symbol="-", .graphic = {0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08}}, // 0x2d
-    {.symbol=".", .graphic = {0x00, 0x60, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00}}, // 0x2e
-    {.symbol="/", .graphic = {0x20, 0x10, 0x08, 0x04, 0x02}}, // 0x2f
-    {.symbol="0", .graphic = {0x3e, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x3e}}, // 0x30
-    {.symbol="1", .graphic = {0x00, 0x42, 0x7f, 0x40, 0x00}}, // 0x31
-    {.symbol="2", .graphic = {0x42, 0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x46}}, // 0x32
-    {.symbol="3", .graphic = {0x21, 0x41, 0x45, 0x4b, 0x31}}, // 0x33
-    {.symbol="4", .graphic = {0x18, 0x14, 0x12, 0x7f, 0x10}}, // 0x34
-    {.symbol="5", .graphic = {0x27, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x39}}, // 0x35
-    {.symbol="6", .graphic = {0x3c, 0x4a, 0x49, 0x49, 0x30}}, // 0x36
-    {.symbol="7", .graphic = {0x01, 0x71, 0x09, 0x05, 0x03}}, // 0x37
-    {.symbol="8", .graphic = {0x36, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36}}, // 0x38
-    {.symbol="9", .graphic = {0x06, 0x49, 0x49, 0x29, 0x1e}}, // 0x39
-    {.symbol=":", .graphic = {0x00, 0x36, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00}}, // 0x3a
-    {.symbol=";", .graphic = {0x00, 0x56, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00}}, // 0x3b
-    {.symbol="<", .graphic = {0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00}}, // 0x3c
-    {.symbol="=", .graphic = {0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14}}, // 0x3d
-    {.symbol=">", .graphic = {0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x14, 0x08}}, // 0x3e
-    {.symbol="?", .graphic = {0x02, 0x01, 0x51, 0x09, 0x06}}, // 0x3f
-    {.symbol="@", .graphic = {0x32, 0x49, 0x79, 0x41, 0x3e}}, // 0x40
-    {.symbol="A", .graphic = {0x7e, 0x11, 0x11, 0x11, 0x7e}}, // 0x41
-    {.symbol="B", .graphic = {0x7f, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36}}, // 0x42
-    {.symbol="C", .graphic = {0x3e, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22}}, // 0x43
-    {.symbol="D", .graphic = {0x7f, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1c}}, // 0x44
-    {.symbol="E", .graphic = {0x7f, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x41}}, // 0x45
-    {.symbol="F", .graphic = {0x7f, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x01}}, // 0x46
-    {.symbol="G", .graphic = {0x3e, 0x41, 0x49, 0x49, 0x7a}}, // 0x47
-    {.symbol="H", .graphic = {0x7f, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x7f}}, // 0x48
-    {.symbol="I", .graphic = {0x00, 0x41, 0x7f, 0x41, 0x00}}, // 0x49
-    {.symbol="J", .graphic = {0x20, 0x40, 0x41, 0x3f, 0x01}}, // 0x4a
-    {.symbol="K", .graphic = {0x7f, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41}}, // 0x4b
-    {.symbol="L", .graphic = {0x7f, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40}}, // 0x4c
-    {.symbol="M", .graphic = {0x7f, 0x02, 0x0c, 0x02, 0x7f}}, // 0x4d
-    {.symbol="N", .graphic = {0x7f, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x7f}}, // 0x4e
-    {.symbol="O", .graphic = {0x3e, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x3e}}, // 0x4f
-    {.symbol="P", .graphic = {0x7f, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x06}}, // 0x50
-    {.symbol="Q", .graphic = {0x3e, 0x41, 0x51, 0x21, 0x5e}}, // 0x51
-    {.symbol="R", .graphic = {0x7f, 0x09, 0x19, 0x29, 0x46}}, // 0x52
-    {.symbol="S", .graphic = {0x46, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x31}}, // 0x53
-    {.symbol="T", .graphic = {0x01, 0x01, 0x7f, 0x01, 0x01}}, // 0x54
-    {.symbol="U", .graphic = {0x3f, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x3f}}, // 0x55
-    {.symbol="V", .graphic = {0x1f, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1f}}, // 0x56
-    {.symbol="W", .graphic = {0x3f, 0x40, 0x38, 0x40, 0x3f}}, // 0x57
-    {.symbol="X", .graphic = {0x63, 0x14, 0x08, 0x14, 0x63}}, // 0x58
-    {.symbol="Y", .graphic = {0x07, 0x08, 0x70, 0x08, 0x07}}, // 0x59
-    {.symbol="Z", .graphic = {0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x43}}, // 0x5a
-    {.symbol="[", .graphic = {0x00, 0x7f, 0x41, 0x41, 0x00}}, // 0x5b
-    {.symbol="\\", .graphic = {0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20}}, // 0x5c
-    {.symbol="]", .graphic = {0x00, 0x41, 0x41, 0x7f, 0x00}}, // 0x5d
-    {.symbol="^", .graphic = {0x04, 0x02, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04}}, // 0x5e
-    {.symbol="_", .graphic = {0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40}}, // 0x5f
-    {.symbol="`", .graphic = {0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x00}}, // 0x60
-    {.symbol="a", .graphic = {0x20, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x78}}, // 0x61
-    {.symbol="b", .graphic = {0x7f, 0x48, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38}}, // 0x62
-    {.symbol="c", .graphic = {0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x20}}, // 0x63
-    {.symbol="d", .graphic = {0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x48, 0x7f}}, // 0x64
-    {.symbol="e", .graphic = {0x38, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x18}}, // 0x65
-    {.symbol="f", .graphic = {0x08, 0x7e, 0x09, 0x01, 0x02}}, // 0x66
-    {.symbol="g", .graphic = {0x0c, 0x52, 0x52, 0x52, 0x3e}}, // 0x67
-    {.symbol="h", .graphic = {0x7f, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78}}, // 0x68
-    {.symbol="i", .graphic = {0x00, 0x44, 0x7d, 0x40, 0x00}}, // 0x69
-    {.symbol="j", .graphic = {0x20, 0x40, 0x44, 0x3d, 0x00}}, // 0x6a
-    {.symbol="k", .graphic = {0x7f, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44, 0x00}}, // 0x6b
-    {.symbol="l", .graphic = {0x00, 0x41, 0x7f, 0x40, 0x00}}, // 0x6c
-    {.symbol="m", .graphic = {0x7c, 0x04, 0x18, 0x04, 0x78}}, // 0x6d
-    {.symbol="n", .graphic = {0x7c, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78}}, // 0x6e
-    {.symbol="o", .graphic = {0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38}}, // 0x6f
-    {.symbol="p", .graphic = {0x7c, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x08}}, // 0x70
-    {.symbol="q", .graphic = {0x08, 0x14, 0x14, 0x18, 0x7c}}, // 0x71
-    {.symbol="r", .graphic = {0x7c, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x08}}, // 0x72
-    {.symbol="s", .graphic = {0x48, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x20}}, // 0x73
-    {.symbol="t", .graphic = {0x04, 0x3f, 0x44, 0x40, 0x20}}, // 0x74
-    {.symbol="u", .graphic = {0x3c, 0x40, 0x40, 0x20, 0x7c}}, // 0x75
-    {.symbol="v", .graphic = {0x1c, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1c}}, // 0x76
-    {.symbol="w", .graphic = {0x3c, 0x40, 0x30, 0x40, 0x3c}}, // 0x77
-    {.symbol="x", .graphic = {0x44, 0x28, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44}}, // 0x78
-    {.symbol="y", .graphic = {0x0c, 0x50, 0x50, 0x50, 0x3c}}, // 0x79
-    {.symbol="z", .graphic = {0x44, 0x64, 0x54, 0x4c, 0x44}}, // 0x7a
-    {.symbol="{", .graphic = {0x00, 0x08, 0x36, 0x41, 0x00}}, // 0x7b
-    {.symbol="|", .graphic = {0x00, 0x00, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x00}}, // 0x7c
-    {.symbol="}", .graphic = {0x00, 0x41, 0x36, 0x08, 0x00}}, // 0x7d
-    {.symbol="~", .graphic = {0x10, 0x08, 0x08, 0x10, 0x08}}, // 0x7e
 
-    // start of UTF8 glyphs. These can include custom graphics mapped to codepoints
+// ASCII symbols are stored as bare graphic to reduce ROM size
-    {.symbol="�", .graphic = {0xFF, 0x81, 0x81, 0x81, 0xFF}}, // box
+const struct FontGraphic ascii_glyphs[95] = {
+    {{0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}}, // " 0x20
+    {{0x00, 0x00, 0x5f, 0x00, 0x00}}, // ! 0x21
+    {{0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00}}, // \" 0x22
+    {{0x14, 0x7f, 0x14, 0x7f, 0x14}}, // # 0x23
+    {{0x24, 0x2a, 0x7f, 0x2a, 0x12}}, // $ 0x24
+    {{0x23, 0x13, 0x08, 0x64, 0x62}}, // % 0x25
+    {{0x36, 0x49, 0x55, 0x22, 0x50}}, // & 0x26
+    {{0x00, 0x05, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00}}, // ' 0x27
+    {{0x00, 0x1c, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00}}, // ( 0x28
+    {{0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1c, 0x00}}, // ) 0x29
+    {{0x14, 0x08, 0x3e, 0x08, 0x14}}, // * 0x2a
+    {{0x08, 0x08, 0x3e, 0x08, 0x08}}, // + 0x2b
+    {{0x00, 0x50, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00}}, // , 0x2c
+    {{0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08}}, // - 0x2d
+    {{0x00, 0x60, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00}}, // . 0x2e
+    {{0x20, 0x10, 0x08, 0x04, 0x02}}, // / 0x2f
+    {{0x3e, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x3e}}, // 0 0x30
+    {{0x00, 0x42, 0x7f, 0x40, 0x00}}, // 1 0x31
+    {{0x42, 0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x46}}, // 2 0x32
+    {{0x21, 0x41, 0x45, 0x4b, 0x31}}, // 3 0x33
+    {{0x18, 0x14, 0x12, 0x7f, 0x10}}, // 4 0x34
+    {{0x27, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x39}}, // 5 0x35
+    {{0x3c, 0x4a, 0x49, 0x49, 0x30}}, // 6 0x36
+    {{0x01, 0x71, 0x09, 0x05, 0x03}}, // 7 0x37
+    {{0x36, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36}}, // 8 0x38
+    {{0x06, 0x49, 0x49, 0x29, 0x1e}}, // 9 0x39
+    {{0x00, 0x36, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00}}, // : 0x3a
+    {{0x00, 0x56, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00}}, // ; 0x3b
+    {{0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00}}, // < 0x3c
+    {{0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14}}, // = 0x3d
+    {{0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x14, 0x08}}, // > 0x3e
+    {{0x02, 0x01, 0x51, 0x09, 0x06}}, // ? 0x3f
+    {{0x32, 0x49, 0x79, 0x41, 0x3e}}, // @ 0x40
+    {{0x7e, 0x11, 0x11, 0x11, 0x7e}}, // A 0x41
+    {{0x7f, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36}}, // B 0x42
+    {{0x3e, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22}}, // C 0x43
+    {{0x7f, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1c}}, // D 0x44
+    {{0x7f, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x41}}, // E 0x45
+    {{0x7f, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x01}}, // F 0x46
+    {{0x3e, 0x41, 0x49, 0x49, 0x7a}}, // G 0x47
+    {{0x7f, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x7f}}, // H 0x48
+    {{0x00, 0x41, 0x7f, 0x41, 0x00}}, // I 0x49
+    {{0x20, 0x40, 0x41, 0x3f, 0x01}}, // J 0x4a
+    {{0x7f, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41}}, // K 0x4b
+    {{0x7f, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40}}, // L 0x4c
+    {{0x7f, 0x02, 0x0c, 0x02, 0x7f}}, // M 0x4d
+    {{0x7f, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x7f}}, // N 0x4e
+    {{0x3e, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x3e}}, // O 0x4f
+    {{0x7f, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x06}}, // P 0x50
+    {{0x3e, 0x41, 0x51, 0x21, 0x5e}}, // Q 0x51
+    {{0x7f, 0x09, 0x19, 0x29, 0x46}}, // R 0x52
+    {{0x46, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x31}}, // S 0x53
+    {{0x01, 0x01, 0x7f, 0x01, 0x01}}, // T 0x54
+    {{0x3f, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x3f}}, // U 0x55
+    {{0x1f, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1f}}, // V 0x56
+    {{0x3f, 0x40, 0x38, 0x40, 0x3f}}, // W 0x57
+    {{0x63, 0x14, 0x08, 0x14, 0x63}}, // X 0x58
+    {{0x07, 0x08, 0x70, 0x08, 0x07}}, // Y 0x59
+    {{0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x43}}, // Z 0x5a
+    {{0x00, 0x7f, 0x41, 0x41, 0x00}}, // [ 0x5b
+    {{0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20}}, // \\ 0x5c
+    {{0x00, 0x41, 0x41, 0x7f, 0x00}}, // ] 0x5d
+    {{0x04, 0x02, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04}}, // ^ 0x5e
+    {{0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40}}, // _ 0x5f
+    {{0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x00}}, // ` 0x60
+    {{0x20, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x78}}, // a 0x61
+    {{0x7f, 0x48, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38}}, // b 0x62
+    {{0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x20}}, // c 0x63
+    {{0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x48, 0x7f}}, // d 0x64
+    {{0x38, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x18}}, // e 0x65
+    {{0x08, 0x7e, 0x09, 0x01, 0x02}}, // f 0x66
+    {{0x0c, 0x52, 0x52, 0x52, 0x3e}}, // g 0x67
+    {{0x7f, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78}}, // h 0x68
+    {{0x00, 0x44, 0x7d, 0x40, 0x00}}, // i 0x69
+    {{0x20, 0x40, 0x44, 0x3d, 0x00}}, // j 0x6a
+    {{0x7f, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44, 0x00}}, // k 0x6b
+    {{0x00, 0x41, 0x7f, 0x40, 0x00}}, // l 0x6c
+    {{0x7c, 0x04, 0x18, 0x04, 0x78}}, // m 0x6d
+    {{0x7c, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78}}, // n 0x6e
+    {{0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38}}, // o 0x6f
+    {{0x7c, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x08}}, // p 0x70
+    {{0x08, 0x14, 0x14, 0x18, 0x7c}}, // q 0x71
+    {{0x7c, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x08}}, // r 0x72
+    {{0x48, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x20}}, // s 0x73
+    {{0x04, 0x3f, 0x44, 0x40, 0x20}}, // t 0x74
+    {{0x3c, 0x40, 0x40, 0x20, 0x7c}}, // u 0x75
+    {{0x1c, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1c}}, // v 0x76
+    {{0x3c, 0x40, 0x30, 0x40, 0x3c}}, // w 0x77
+    {{0x44, 0x28, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44}}, // x 0x78
+    {{0x0c, 0x50, 0x50, 0x50, 0x3c}}, // y 0x79
+    {{0x44, 0x64, 0x54, 0x4c, 0x44}}, // z 0x7a
+    {{0x00, 0x08, 0x36, 0x41, 0x00}}, // { 0x7b
+    {{0x00, 0x00, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x00}}, // | 0x7c
+    {{0x00, 0x41, 0x36, 0x08, 0x00}}, // } 0x7d
+    {{0x10, 0x08, 0x08, 0x10, 0x08}}, // ~ 0x7e
+};
 
-    {.symbol="×", .graphic = { 0x22, 0x14, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22 }}, // cross
+// utf8 characters list ending with empty struct
-    {.symbol="↑", .graphic = { 0x08, 0x04, 0x3e, 0x04, 0x08 }}, // arrow_up
+const struct Utf8Symbol utf8_glyphs[] = {
-    {.symbol="↓", .graphic = { 0x08, 0x10, 0x3e, 0x10, 0x08 }}, // arrow_down
+    { .symbol="�", {{0xFE, 0x82, 0x82, 0x82, 0xFE}} }, // box
-    {.symbol="←", .graphic = { 0x08, 0x1c, 0x2a, 0x08, 0x08 }}, // arrow_left
+    { .symbol="×", {{0x22, 0x14, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22}} }, // cross
-    {.symbol="→", .graphic = { 0x08, 0x08, 0x2a, 0x1c, 0x08 }}, // arrow_right
+    { .symbol="↑", {{0x08, 0x04, 0x3e, 0x04, 0x08}} }, // arrow_up
-    {.symbol="⏰", .graphic = { 0x1c, 0x22, 0x2e, 0x2a, 0x1c }}, // clock
+    { .symbol="↓", {{0x08, 0x10, 0x3e, 0x10, 0x08}} }, // arrow_down
-    {.symbol="⌛", .graphic = { 0x63, 0x55, 0x4d, 0x55, 0x63 }}, // hourglass
+    { .symbol="←", {{0x08, 0x1c, 0x2a, 0x08, 0x08}} }, // arrow_left
-    {.symbol="☸", .graphic = { 0x1c, 0x22, 0x2a, 0x22, 0x1c }}, // wheel
+    { .symbol="→", {{0x08, 0x08, 0x2a, 0x1c, 0x08}} }, // arrow_right
-    {.symbol="⏎", .graphic = { 0x10, 0x38, 0x54, 0x10, 0x1e }}, // return
+    { .symbol="⏰", {{0x1c, 0x22, 0x2e, 0x2a, 0x1c}} }, // clock
-    {.symbol="🌡", .graphic = { 0x60, 0x9e, 0x81, 0x9e, 0x6a }}, // thermometer
+    { .symbol="⌛", {{0x63, 0x55, 0x4d, 0x55, 0x63}} }, // hourglass
-    {.symbol="°", .graphic = { 0x00, 0x07, 0x05, 0x07, 0x00 }}, // degree
+    { .symbol="☸", {{0x1c, 0x22, 0x2a, 0x22, 0x1c}} }, // wheel
-    {.symbol="🔙", .graphic = { 0x04, 0x4e, 0x55, 0x44, 0x38 }}, // back
+    { .symbol="⏎", {{0x10, 0x38, 0x54, 0x10, 0x1e}} }, // return
-    {.symbol="▶", .graphic = { 0x7f, 0x3e, 0x1c, 0x08, 0x00 }}, // tri_right
+    { .symbol="🌡", {{0x60, 0x9e, 0x81, 0x9e, 0x6a}} }, // thermometer
-    {.symbol="◀", .graphic = { 0x00, 0x08, 0x1c, 0x3e, 0x7f }}, // tri_left
+    { .symbol="°", {{0x00, 0x07, 0x05, 0x07, 0x00}} }, // degree
+    { .symbol="🔙", {{0x04, 0x4e, 0x55, 0x44, 0x38}} }, // back
+    { .symbol="▶", {{0x7f, 0x3e, 0x1c, 0x08, 0x00}} }, // tri_right
+    { .symbol="◀", {{0x00, 0x08, 0x1c, 0x3e, 0x7f}} }, // tri_left
 
     // End of the list
     {},
 };
 
-const struct FontSymbol *Font_GetSymbol(struct Utf8Char ch) {
+const struct FontGraphic *Font_GetSymbol(struct Utf8Char ch) {
-    if (ch.bytes[0] < ' ') {
+    if (ch.bytes[0] < 32) {
-        return &font[FONT_EXTRAS_START]; // replacement character
+        // low ASCII is not supported.
+        goto fail;
     }
 
     if (ch.bytes[0] < 127) {
-        return &font[ch.bytes[0] - 0x20];
+        // valid ASCII at hard positions.
+        // In this case only the first byte is significant.
+        return &ascii_glyphs[ch.bytes[0] - 32];
     }
 
-    const struct FontSymbol *sym = &font[FONT_EXTRAS_START];
+    // search UTF8
+    const struct Utf8Symbol *sym = &utf8_glyphs[0];
     while (sym->symbol[0]) {
         if (sym->uint == ch.uint) {
-            return sym;
+            return &sym->graphic;
         }
         sym++;
     }
 
-    return &font[FONT_EXTRAS_START]; // replacement character
+fail:
+    return &utf8_glyphs[0].graphic; // replacement character
 }

main/graphics/font.h

@@ -1,24 +1,20 @@
 /**
- * TODO file description
+ * UTF-8 capable bitmap font
  * 
  * Created on 2020/01/04.
  */
 
-#ifndef REFLOWER_FONT_H
+#ifndef GFX_FONT_H
-#define REFLOWER_FONT_H
+#define GFX_FONT_H
 
 #include "font.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
 #include <stdint.h>
 
-struct FontSymbol {
+struct FontGraphic {
-    union {
+    uint8_t columns[5];
-        const char symbol[4];
-        const uint32_t uint;
-    };
-    uint8_t graphic[5];
 };
 
-const struct FontSymbol *Font_GetSymbol(struct Utf8Char ch);
+const struct FontGraphic *Font_GetSymbol(struct Utf8Char ch);
 
-#endif //REFLOWER_FONT_H
+#endif //GFX_FONT_H

main/graphics/nokia.c

@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
 #include <driver/gpio.h>
-#include <arch/cc.h>
 #include <driver/spi_master.h>
 #include "nokia.h"
-#include "utf8.h"
-#include "font.h"
 #include <string.h>
 
 /* Pin definitions:
@@ -38,7 +35,7 @@ to the PCD8544.
 
 Because the PCD8544 won't let us write individual pixels at a
 time, this is how we can make targeted changes to the display. */
-static uint8_t displayMap[LCD_WIDTH * LCD_HEIGHT / 8];
+uint8_t LCD_displayMap[LCD_WIDTH * LCD_HEIGHT / 8] = {};
 
 // There are two memory banks in the LCD, data/RAM and commands.
 // This function sets the DC pin high or low depending, and then
@@ -72,298 +69,6 @@ static void LCD_SendByte(bool data_or_command, uint8_t data)
     assert(ret == ESP_OK);            //Should have had no issues.
 }
 
-// This function sets a pixel on displayMap to your preferred
-// color. 1=Black, 0= white.
-void LCD_setPixel(int x, int y, bool bw)
-{
-    // First, double check that the coordinate is in range.
-    if ((x >= 0) && (x < LCD_WIDTH) && (y >= 0) && (y < LCD_HEIGHT)) {
-        uint8_t shift = y % 8;
-
-        if (bw) // If black, set the bit.
-            displayMap[x + (y / 8) * LCD_WIDTH] |= 1 << shift;
-        else   // If white clear the bit.
-            displayMap[x + (y / 8) * LCD_WIDTH] &= ~(1 << shift);
-    }
-}
-
-// setLine draws a line from x0,y0 to x1,y1 with the set color.
-// This function was grabbed from the SparkFun ColorLCDShield
-// library.
-void LCD_setLine(int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, bool bw)
-{
-    int dy = y1 - y0; // Difference between y0 and y1
-    int dx = x1 - x0; // Difference between x0 and x1
-    int stepx, stepy;
-
-    if (dy < 0) {
-        dy = -dy;
-        stepy = -1;
-    }
-    else
-        stepy = 1;
-
-    if (dx < 0) {
-        dx = -dx;
-        stepx = -1;
-    }
-    else
-        stepx = 1;
-
-    dy <<= 1; // dy is now 2*dy
-    dx <<= 1; // dx is now 2*dx
-    LCD_setPixel(x0, y0, bw); // Draw the first pixel.
-
-    if (dx > dy) {
-        int fraction = dy - (dx >> 1);
-        while (x0 != x1) {
-            if (fraction >= 0) {
-                y0 += stepy;
-                fraction -= dx;
-            }
-            x0 += stepx;
-            fraction += dy;
-            LCD_setPixel(x0, y0, bw);
-        }
-    }
-    else {
-        int fraction = dx - (dy >> 1);
-        while (y0 != y1) {
-            if (fraction >= 0) {
-                x0 += stepx;
-                fraction -= dy;
-            }
-            y0 += stepy;
-            fraction += dx;
-            LCD_setPixel(x0, y0, bw);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-// setRect will draw a rectangle from x0,y0 top-left corner to
-// a x1,y1 bottom-right corner. Can be filled with the fill
-// parameter, and colored with bw.
-// This function was grabbed from the SparkFun ColorLCDShield
-// library.
-void LCD_setRect(int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, bool fill, bool bw)
-{
-    // check if the rectangle is to be filled
-    if (fill == 1) {
-        int xDiff;
-
-        if (x0 > x1)
-            xDiff = x0 - x1; //Find the difference between the x vars
-        else
-            xDiff = x1 - x0;
-
-        while (xDiff > 0) {
-            LCD_setLine(x0, y0, x0, y1, bw);
-
-            if (x0 > x1)
-                x0--;
-            else
-                x0++;
-
-            xDiff--;
-        }
-    }
-    else {
-        // best way to draw an unfilled rectangle is to draw four lines
-        LCD_setLine(x0, y0, x1, y0, bw);
-        LCD_setLine(x0, y1, x1, y1, bw);
-        LCD_setLine(x0, y0, x0, y1, bw);
-        LCD_setLine(x1, y0, x1, y1, bw);
-    }
-}
-
-// setCircle draws a circle centered around x0,y0 with a defined
-// radius. The circle can be black or white. And have a line
-// thickness ranging from 1 to the radius of the circle.
-// This function was grabbed from the SparkFun ColorLCDShield
-// library.
-void LCD_setCircle(int x0, int y0, int radius, bool bw, int lineThickness)
-{
-    for (int r = 0; r < lineThickness; r++) {
-        int f = 1 - radius;
-        int ddF_x = 0;
-        int ddF_y = -2 * radius;
-        int x = 0;
-        int y = radius;
-
-        LCD_setPixel(x0, y0 + radius, bw);
-        LCD_setPixel(x0, y0 - radius, bw);
-        LCD_setPixel(x0 + radius, y0, bw);
-        LCD_setPixel(x0 - radius, y0, bw);
-
-        while (x < y) {
-            if (f >= 0) {
-                y--;
-                ddF_y += 2;
-                f += ddF_y;
-            }
-            x++;
-            ddF_x += 2;
-            f += ddF_x + 1;
-
-            LCD_setPixel(x0 + x, y0 + y, bw);
-            LCD_setPixel(x0 - x, y0 + y, bw);
-            LCD_setPixel(x0 + x, y0 - y, bw);
-            LCD_setPixel(x0 - x, y0 - y, bw);
-            LCD_setPixel(x0 + y, y0 + x, bw);
-            LCD_setPixel(x0 - y, y0 + x, bw);
-            LCD_setPixel(x0 + y, y0 - x, bw);
-            LCD_setPixel(x0 - y, y0 - x, bw);
-        }
-        radius--;
-    }
-}
-
-// This function will draw a char (defined in the ASCII table
-// near the beginning of this sketch) at a defined x and y).
-// The color can be either black (1) or white (0).
-void LCD_setChar(struct Utf8Char character, int x, int y, bool bw)
-{
-    LCD_setCharEx(character, x, y, bw, 1);
-}
-
-void LCD_setCharEx(struct Utf8Char character, int x, int y, bool bw, uint8_t size)
-{
-    const struct FontSymbol *symbol = Font_GetSymbol(character);
-    bool backfill = size &0x80;
-    size &= 0x7F;
-
-    uint8_t column; // temp byte to store character's column bitmap
-    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) // 5 columns (x) per character
-    {
-        column = symbol->graphic[i];
-        for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) // 8 rows (y) per character
-        {
-            bool bit = column & (0x01 << j);
-
-            if (size == 1) {
-                if (bit) {// test bits to set pixels
-                    LCD_setPixel(x + i, y + j, bw);
-                } else if(backfill) {
-                    LCD_setPixel(x + i, y + j, !bw);
-                }
-            } else if (size == 2) {
-                if (bit) {// test bits to set pixels
-                    LCD_setPixel(x + i * 2, y + j * 2, bw);
-                    LCD_setPixel(x + i * 2 + 1, y + j * 2, bw);
-                    LCD_setPixel(x + i * 2, y + j * 2 + 1, bw);
-                    LCD_setPixel(x + i * 2 + 1, y + j * 2 + 1, bw);
-                } else if(backfill) {
-                    LCD_setPixel(x + i * 2, y + j * 2, !bw);
-                    LCD_setPixel(x + i * 2 + 1, y + j * 2, !bw);
-                    LCD_setPixel(x + i * 2, y + j * 2 + 1, !bw);
-                    LCD_setPixel(x + i * 2 + 1, y + j * 2 + 1, !bw);
-                }
-            } else if (size == 3) {
-                if (bit) {// test bits to set pixels
-                    LCD_setPixel(x + i, y + j, bw);
-                    LCD_setPixel(x + i + 1, y + j, bw);
-                } else if(backfill) {
-                    LCD_setPixel(x + i, y + j, !bw);
-                    LCD_setPixel(x + i + 1, y + j, !bw);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-// setStr draws a string of characters, calling setChar with
-// progressive coordinates until it's done.
-// This function was grabbed from the SparkFun ColorLCDShield
-// library.
-void LCD_setStr(const char *dString, int x, int y, bool bw)
-{
-    LCD_setStrEx(dString, x, y, bw, 1);
-}
-
-// setStr draws a string of characters, calling setChar with
-// progressive coordinates until it's done.
-// This function was grabbed from the SparkFun ColorLCDShield
-// library.
-void LCD_setStrEx(const char *dString, int x, int y, bool bw, uint8_t size)
-{
-    struct Utf8Iterator iter;
-    Utf8Iterator_Start(&iter, dString);
-    bool backfill = size & 0x80;
-    uint8_t size_real = size & 0x7F;
-
-    struct Utf8Char uchar;
-    while ((uchar = Utf8Iterator_Next(&iter)).uint) {
-        LCD_setCharEx(uchar, x, y, bw, size);
-
-        if (size_real == 1) {
-            x += 5;
-            if (backfill) {
-                for (int i = y; i < y + 8; i++) {
-                    LCD_setPixel(x, i, !bw);
-                }
-            }
-            x++;
-            if (x > (LCD_WIDTH - 5)) // Enables wrap around
-            {
-                x = 0;
-                y += 8;
-            }
-        } else if (size_real == 2) {
-            x += 10;
-            if (backfill) {
-                for (int i = y; i < y + 16; i++) {
-                    LCD_setPixel(x, i, !bw);
-                    LCD_setPixel(x + 1, i, !bw);
-                }
-            }
-            x+=2;
-            if (x > (LCD_WIDTH - 10)) // Enables wrap around
-            {
-                x = 0;
-                y += 16;
-            }
-        } else if (size_real == 3) {
-            x += 6;
-            if (backfill) {
-                for (int i = y; i < y + 8; i++) {
-                    LCD_setPixel(x, i, !bw);
-                    LCD_setPixel(x + 1, i, !bw);
-                }
-            }
-            x+=1;
-            if (x > (LCD_WIDTH - 6)) // Enables wrap around
-            {
-                x = 0;
-                y += 8;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-// This function will draw an array over the screen. (For now) the
-// array must be the same size as the screen, covering the entirety
-// of the display.
-// Also, the array must reside in FLASH and declared with PROGMEM.
-void LCD_setBitmap(const char *bitArray)
-{
-    for (int i = 0; i < (LCD_WIDTH * LCD_HEIGHT / 8); i++) {
-        char c = bitArray[i];
-        displayMap[i] = c;
-    }
-}
-
-// This function clears the entire display either white (0) or
-// black (1).
-// The screen won't actually clear until you call updateDisplay()!
-void LCD_clearDisplay(bool bw)
-{
-    for (int i = 0; i < (LCD_WIDTH * LCD_HEIGHT / 8); i++) {
-        if (bw)
-            displayMap[i] = 0xFF;
-        else
-            displayMap[i] = 0;
-    }
-}
 
 // Helpful function to directly command the LCD to go to a
 // specific x,y coordinate.
@@ -382,7 +87,7 @@ void LCD_updateDisplay()
 {
     spi_device_acquire_bus(hSPI, portMAX_DELAY);
     gotoXY(0, 0);
-    LCD_SendBytes(LCD_DATA, &displayMap[0], LCD_WIDTH * (LCD_HEIGHT / 8));
+    LCD_SendBytes(LCD_DATA, &LCD_displayMap[0], LCD_WIDTH * (LCD_HEIGHT / 8));
     spi_device_release_bus(hSPI);
 }
 
@@ -405,14 +110,6 @@ void LCD_invertDisplay(bool invert)
     LCD_SendByte(LCD_COMMAND, 0x0C | invert);
 }
 
-void LCD_invertDisplayData()
-{
-    /* Indirect, swap bits in displayMap option: */
-    for (int i = 0; i < (LCD_WIDTH * LCD_HEIGHT / 8); i++) {
-        displayMap[i] ^= 0xFF;
-    }
-}
-
 //This function is called (in irq context!) just before a transmission starts. It will
 //set the D/C line to the value indicated in the user field.
 void lcd_spi_pre_transfer_callback(spi_transaction_t *t)
@@ -424,11 +121,8 @@ void lcd_spi_pre_transfer_callback(spi_transaction_t *t)
 //This sends the magical commands to the PCD8544
 void LCD_setup(void)
 {
-    // clear the display array
-    LCD_clearDisplay(0);
-
     gpio_config_t output = {
-        .pin_bit_mask = (1<<scePin) | (1<<rstPin) | (1<<dcPin) | (1<<sdinPin) | (1<<sclkPin),
+        .pin_bit_mask = (1 << scePin) | (1 << rstPin) | (1 << dcPin) | (1 << sdinPin) | (1 << sclkPin),
         .mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT
     };
     gpio_config(&output);
@@ -479,8 +173,6 @@ void LCD_setup(void)
     }
     spi_device_release_bus(hSPI);
 
-    // show the blank screen (display is in indefined state after boot)
+    // show the blank screen (display is in an undefined state after boot)
     LCD_updateDisplay();
 }
-
-

main/graphics/nokia.h

@@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+/**
+ * Driver for Nokia 5110 SPI LCD display
+ */
+
+#ifndef GFX_NOKIA
+#define GFX_NOKIA
+
 /* Pin definitions:
 Most of these pins can be moved to any digital or analog pin.
 DN(MOSI)and SCLK should be left where they are (SPI pins). The
@@ -13,57 +20,7 @@ LED (backlight) pin should remain on a PWM-capable pin. */
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include "utf8.h"
-
+#include "display_spec.h"
-#define LCD_WIDTH   84 // Note: x-coordinates go wide
-#define LCD_HEIGHT  48 // Note: y-coordinates go high
-#define WHITE       0  // For drawing pixels. A 0 draws white.
-#define BLACK       1  // A 1 draws black.
-
-// This function sets a pixel on displayMap to your preferred
-// color. 1=Black, 0= white.
-void LCD_setPixel(int x, int y, bool bw);
-
-// setLine draws a line from x0,y0 to x1,y1 with the set color
-void LCD_setLine(int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, bool bw);
-
-// setRect will draw a rectangle from x0,y0 top-left corner to
-// a x1,y1 bottom-right corner. Can be filled with the fill
-// parameter, and colored with bw.
-void LCD_setRect(int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, bool fill, bool bw);
-
-// setCircle draws a circle centered around x0,y0 with a defined
-// radius. The circle can be black or white. And have a line
-// thickness ranging from 1 to the radius of the circle.
-void LCD_setCircle (int x0, int y0, int radius, bool bw, int lineThickness);
-
-/*
- FONT FUNCTIONS
- size = 1 ... normal
- size = 2 ... 2x
- size = 3 ... normal bold
- size | 0x80 ... clear background behind characters
-*/
-
-
-// This function will draw a char (defined in the ASCII table
-// near the beginning of this sketch) at a defined x and y).
-// The color can be either black (1) or white (0).
-void LCD_setChar(struct Utf8Char character, int x, int y, bool bw);
-
-void LCD_setCharEx(struct Utf8Char character, int x, int y, bool bw, uint8_t size);
-
-// setStr draws a string of characters, calling setChar with
-// progressive coordinates until it's done.
-// This function was grabbed from the SparkFun ColorLCDShield
-// library.
-void LCD_setStr(const char * dString, int x, int y, bool bw);
-
-void LCD_setStrEx(const char *dString, int x, int y, bool bw, uint8_t size);
-
-// This function clears the entire display either white (0) or
-// black (1).
-// The screen won't actually clear until you call updateDisplay()!
-void LCD_clearDisplay(bool bw);
 
 // This will actually draw on the display, whatever is currently
 // in the displayMap array.
@@ -74,10 +31,9 @@ void LCD_updateDisplay();
 void LCD_setContrast(uint8_t contrast);
 
 /* Invert colors */
-void LCD_invertDisplay(bool in_data);
+void LCD_invertDisplay(bool invert);
-
-/* Invert colors (hard change in data; does NOT send to display immediately) */
-void LCD_invertDisplayData();
 
 //This sends the magical commands to the PCD8544
 void LCD_setup(void);
+
+#endif // GFX_NOKIA

main/graphics/utf8.c

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include "utf8.h"
-#include <string.h>
 
 //
 // Created by MightyPork on 2017/08/20.
@@ -9,7 +8,7 @@
 // into a screen cell.
 //
 
-const struct Utf8Char EMPTY_CHAR = (struct Utf8Char) { .uint = 0 };
+const struct Utf8Char EMPTY_CHAR = (struct Utf8Char) {.uint = 0};
 
 //      Code Points      First Byte Second Byte Third Byte Fourth Byte
 //  U+0000 -   U+007F     00 - 7F
@@ -30,7 +29,7 @@ struct Utf8Char Utf8Parser_Handle(struct Utf8Parser *self, char c)
 {
     uint8_t *bytes = self->buffer.bytes;
 
-    uint8_t uc = (uint8_t)c;
+    uint8_t uc = (uint8_t) c;
     // collecting unicode glyphs...
     if (uc & 0x80) {
         if (self->utf_len == 0) {
@@ -98,12 +97,8 @@ fail:
     return EMPTY_CHAR;
 }
 
-void Utf8Iterator_Start(struct Utf8Iterator *self, const char *source) {
+struct Utf8Char Utf8Iterator_Next(struct Utf8Iterator *self)
-    memset(self, 0, sizeof(struct Utf8Iterator));
+{
-    self->source = source;
-}
-
-struct Utf8Char Utf8Iterator_Next(struct Utf8Iterator *self) {
     char c;
     struct Utf8Char uchar;
     while ((c = *self->source++) != 0) {

main/graphics/utf8.h

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /**
- * TODO file description
+ * UTF-8 string parsing and character iteration
  * 
  * Created on 2020/01/04.
  */
@@ -10,33 +10,47 @@
 #include <stddef.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 
+/**
+ * UTF-8 encoded character.
+ */
 struct Utf8Char {
     union {
+        /** character bytes; padded by zero bytes if shorter than 4 */
         uint8_t bytes[4];
+        /** u32 view of the bytes */
         uint32_t uint;
     };
 };
 
+/** UTF8 string parser internal state */
 struct Utf8Parser {
+    /** UTF-8 bytes buffer */
     struct Utf8Char buffer;
+    /** Currently collected UTF-8 character length */
     uint8_t utf_len;
+    /** Position in the current character */
     uint8_t utf_j;
 };
 
+static inline void Utf8Parser_Clear(struct Utf8Parser *self) {
+    self->buffer.uint = 0;
+    self->utf_j = 0;
+    self->utf_len = 0;
+}
+
 /**
  * Utf8 character iterator.
  *
  * Usage:
  * struct Utf8Iterator iter;
- * Utf8Iterator_Start(&iter, myString);
+ * Utf8Iterator_Init(&iter, myString);
  *
  * union Utf8Char uchar;
  * while ((uchar = Utf8Iterator_Next(&iter)).uint) {
  *     // do something with the char
  * }
  *
- * // Free myString if needed.
+ * // Free myString if needed, it is not mutated.
- * // The iterator does not need any cleanup if it lives on stack.
  */
 struct Utf8Iterator {
     /* Characters to parse. The pointer is advanced as the iterator progresses. */
@@ -44,7 +58,10 @@ struct Utf8Iterator {
     struct Utf8Parser parser;
 };
 
-void Utf8Iterator_Start(struct Utf8Iterator *self, const char *source);
+static inline void Utf8Iterator_Init(struct Utf8Iterator *self, const char *source) {
+    Utf8Parser_Clear(&self->parser);
+    self->source = source;
+}
 
 /**
  * Get the next character from the iterator; Returns empty character if there are no more characters to parse.

main/liquid/gui.c

@@ -1,28 +1,23 @@
-#include "gui.h"
-#include "graphics/nokia.h"
-#include "analog.h"
 #include <freertos/FreeRTOS.h>
 #include <freertos/task.h>
-#include <liquid.h>
 #include <freertos/timers.h>
 
+#include "gui.h"
+#include "nokia.h"
+#include "liquid.h"
+#include "drawing.h"
+
 static void gui_thread(void *arg);
 static void gui_tick(TimerHandle_t xTimer);
 
 TaskHandle_t hGuiThread = NULL;
-TimerHandle_t hTicker = NULL;
+static TimerHandle_t hTicker = NULL;
-
 
 void gui_init() {
     printf("GUI init\n");
     LCD_setup();
-
     LCD_setContrast(48);
 
-    LCD_clearDisplay(0);
-    LCD_setStr("Hello World", 0, 0, 1);
-    LCD_updateDisplay();
-
     int rv = xTaskCreate(gui_thread, "gui", 4096, NULL, 6, &hGuiThread);
     assert (rv == pdPASS);
 
@@ -63,8 +58,6 @@ static void __attribute__((noreturn)) gui_thread(void *arg) {
 
         bool want_repaint = false;
 
-//        printf("Knob event 0x%02x  ", value);
-
         if (value & 0b10000) {
             // TICK
             want_repaint |= Liquid_handleTick(liquid);

main/liquid/input_event.h

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/**
+ * Input event structural enum
+ * 
+ * Created on 2020/01/05.
+ */
+
+#ifndef LIQUID_INPUT_EVENT_H
+#define LIQUID_INPUT_EVENT_H
+
+enum InputEvent_Kind {
+    InputEventKind_Wheel,
+    InputEventKind_Button,
+};
+
+struct InputEvent {
+    enum InputEvent_Kind kind;
+    union {
+        struct {
+            // Wheel delta
+            int32_t delta;
+        } wheel;
+        struct {
+            // Button state
+            bool state;
+        } button;
+    };
+};
+
+static inline struct InputEvent InputEvent_Wheel(int32_t delta)
+{
+    return (struct InputEvent) {
+        .kind = InputEventKind_Wheel,
+        .wheel = {.delta = delta}
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Button event (push, release)
+ *
+ * @param state - pushed
+ * @return event
+ */
+static inline struct InputEvent InputEvent_Button(bool state)
+{
+    return (struct InputEvent) {
+        .kind = InputEventKind_Button,
+        .button = {.state = state},
+    };
+}
+
+#endif //LIQUID_INPUT_EVENT_H

main/liquid/liquid.c

@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
-#include "liquid.h"
-#include "rom/queue.h"
-#include "scenes.h"
 #include <malloc.h>
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <esp_log.h>
-#include <nokia.h>
+#include <rom/queue.h>
+
+#include "liquid.h"
+#include "nokia.h"
 
 static const char *TAG = "Liquid";
 
+extern struct Scene *NewScene_Root(void);
+
 struct RunningScene {
     struct Scene *scene;
     SLIST_ENTRY(RunningScene) next;

main/liquid/liquid.h

@@ -4,234 +4,17 @@
  * Created on 2020/01/03.
  */
 
-#ifndef REFLOWER_LIQUID_H
+#ifndef LIQUID_H
-#define REFLOWER_LIQUID_H
+#define LIQUID_H
 
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <stdbool.h>
+#include "input_event.h"
+#include "scene_event.h"
+#include "scene_type.h"
 
 struct Liquid;
 
-enum InputEvent_Kind {
-    InputEventKind_Wheel,
-    InputEventKind_Button,
-};
-
-struct InputEvent {
-    enum InputEvent_Kind kind;
-    union {
-        struct {
-            // Wheel delta
-            int32_t delta;
-        } wheel;
-        struct {
-            // Button state
-            bool state;
-        } button;
-    };
-};
-
-static inline struct InputEvent InputEvent_Wheel(int32_t delta)
-{
-    return (struct InputEvent) {
-        .kind = InputEventKind_Wheel,
-        .wheel = {.delta = delta}
-    };
-}
-
-/**
- * Button event (push, release)
- *
- * @param state - pushed
- * @return event
- */
-static inline struct InputEvent InputEvent_Button(bool state)
-{
-    return (struct InputEvent) {
-        .kind = InputEventKind_Button,
-        .button = {.state = state},
-    };
-}
-
-enum SceneEvent_Kind {
-    SceneEventKind_Close,
-    SceneEventKind_OpenChild,
-    SceneEventKind_RequestRepaint,
-    SceneEventKind_None,
-};
-
-// forward declaration
-struct Scene;
-
-/**
- * Scene event, returned from some scene methods.
- *
- * Use the constructor functions to create this struct.
- */
-struct SceneEvent {
-    /** Event kind enum */
-    enum SceneEvent_Kind kind;
-    union {
-        /* data for Close event kind */
-        struct {
-            // Status code
-            int32_t status;
-            // Return data on heap
-            void *data;
-        } close;
-        /* Data for Open event kind */
-        struct {
-            // Scene (initialized, with options loaded in through the constructor)
-            struct Scene *scene;
-            // Tag used by parent to identify the open child
-            uint32_t tag;
-        } open;
-    };
-};
-
-/**
- * Create empty (null object) scene event.
- *
- * @return event
- */
-static inline struct SceneEvent SceneEvent_None(void)
-{
-    return (struct SceneEvent) {
-        .kind = SceneEventKind_None,
-    };
-}
-
-/**
- * Request scene repaint
- *
- * @return event
- */
-static inline struct SceneEvent SceneEvent_Repaint(void)
-{
-    return (struct SceneEvent) {
-        .kind = SceneEventKind_RequestRepaint
-    };
-}
-
-/**
- * Request a sub-scene to be opened
- *
- * @param child - child scene
- * @param tag - scene tag
- * @return event
- */
-static inline struct SceneEvent SceneEvent_OpenChild(struct Scene *child, uint32_t tag) {
-    return (struct SceneEvent) {
-        .kind = SceneEventKind_OpenChild,
-        .open = { .scene = child, .tag=tag },
-    };
-}
-
-/**
- * Close this scene, returning to parent.
- *
- * @param status - status number for the parent
- * @param data - heap-allocated data for parent, can be NULL; e.g. user input as string.
- * @return event
- */
-static inline struct SceneEvent SceneEvent_Close(int32_t status, void *data)
-{
-    return (struct SceneEvent) {
-        .kind = SceneEventKind_Close,
-        .close = {.status = status, .data=data},
-    };
-}
-
-/**
- * Scene::onInput fp type - handle user input
- *
- * @param scene - self
- * @param event - the input event
- * @return follow-up scene event, can be SceneEvent_None() if not used.
- */
-typedef struct SceneEvent (*Scene_onInput_t)(struct Scene *scene, struct InputEvent event);
-
-/**
- * Scene::onChildReturn fp type
- *
- * @param scene - self
- * @param tag - child's tag
- * @param status - status code returned from the child
- * @param data - data returned from the child, must be heap-allocated if not NULL.
- * @return follow-up scene event, can be SceneEvent_None() if not used.
- */
-typedef struct SceneEvent (*Scene_onChildReturn_t)(struct Scene *scene, uint32_t tag, int32_t status, void *data);
-
-/**
- * Scene::onTick fp type
- *
- * @param scene - self
- * @return follow-up scene event, can be SceneEvent_None() if not used.
- */
-typedef struct SceneEvent (*Scene_onTick_t)(struct Scene *scene);
-
-/**
- * Scene::paint fp type
- *
- * @param scene - self
- */
-typedef void (*Scene_paint_t)(struct Scene *scene);
-
-/**
- * Scene::free fp type.
- * Release internally allocated resources.
- * This is called by the GUI engine when the scene is closed.
- *
- * @param scene - self
- */
-typedef void (*Scene_free_t)(struct Scene *scene);
-
-/**
- * Scene instance in the framework
- */
-struct Scene {
-    /**
-     * Tag given to the scene by its parent to identify its close event.
-     */
-    uint32_t tag;
-
-    /**
-     * Handle input event.
-     * Can return a follow-up scene event, e.g. repaint request.
-     * Nullable field.
-     */
-    Scene_onInput_t onInput;
-
-    /**
-     * Child scene closed, handle its return value and data, if any.
-     * Can return a follow-up scene event.
-     * In any case, the scene will be re-painted, if it stays open and on top.
-     * Nullable field.
-     */
-    Scene_onChildReturn_t onChildReturn;
-
-    /**
-     * Handle a periodic tick (10ms).
-     * Can return a follow-up scene event, e.g. repaint request.
-     * Nullable field.
-     */
-    Scene_onTick_t onTick;
-
-    /**
-     * Draw the scene to the LCD buffer.
-     * DO NOT write to the display yet, it will be done by the GUI engine.
-     *
-     * MANDATORY FIELD
-     */
-    Scene_paint_t paint;
-
-    /**
-     * Release internally allocated resources, if any. Called on close.
-     * Nullable field.
-     */
-    Scene_free_t free;
-};
-
 /** return 1 if repaint requested */
 bool Liquid_handleInput(struct Liquid *container, struct InputEvent event);
 
@@ -244,4 +27,4 @@ void Liquid_paint(struct Liquid *container);
 /** Initialize the GUI system with a root scene */
 struct Liquid *Liquid_start(void);
 
-#endif //REFLOWER_LIQUID_H
+#endif //LIQUID_H

main/liquid/scene_event.h

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+/**
+ * Scene event structural enum
+ * 
+ * Created on 2020/01/05.
+ */
+
+#ifndef LIQUID_SCENE_EVENT_H
+#define LIQUID_SCENE_EVENT_H
+
+// forward declaration
+struct Scene;
+
+enum SceneEvent_Kind {
+    SceneEventKind_Close,
+    SceneEventKind_OpenChild,
+    SceneEventKind_RequestRepaint,
+    SceneEventKind_None,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Scene event, returned from some scene methods.
+ *
+ * Use the constructor functions to create this struct.
+ */
+struct SceneEvent {
+    /** Event kind enum */
+    enum SceneEvent_Kind kind;
+    union {
+        /* data for Close event kind */
+        struct {
+            // Status code
+            int32_t status;
+            // Return data on heap
+            void *data;
+        } close;
+        /* Data for Open event kind */
+        struct {
+            // Scene (initialized, with options loaded in through the constructor)
+            struct Scene *scene;
+            // Tag used by parent to identify the open child
+            uint32_t tag;
+        } open;
+    };
+};
+
+/**
+ * Create empty (null object) scene event.
+ *
+ * @return event
+ */
+static inline struct SceneEvent SceneEvent_None(void)
+{
+    return (struct SceneEvent) {
+        .kind = SceneEventKind_None,
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Request scene repaint
+ *
+ * @return event
+ */
+static inline struct SceneEvent SceneEvent_Repaint(void)
+{
+    return (struct SceneEvent) {
+        .kind = SceneEventKind_RequestRepaint
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Request a sub-scene to be opened
+ *
+ * @param child - child scene
+ * @param tag - scene tag
+ * @return event
+ */
+static inline struct SceneEvent SceneEvent_OpenChild(struct Scene *child, uint32_t tag) {
+    return (struct SceneEvent) {
+        .kind = SceneEventKind_OpenChild,
+        .open = { .scene = child, .tag=tag },
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Close this scene, returning to parent.
+ *
+ * @param status - status number for the parent
+ * @param data - heap-allocated data for parent, can be NULL; e.g. user input as string.
+ * @return event
+ */
+static inline struct SceneEvent SceneEvent_Close(int32_t status, void *data)
+{
+    return (struct SceneEvent) {
+        .kind = SceneEventKind_Close,
+        .close = {.status = status, .data=data},
+    };
+}
+
+#endif //LIQUID_SCENE_EVENT_H

main/liquid/scene_type.h

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/**
+ * Scene struct
+ * 
+ * Created on 2020/01/05.
+ */
+
+#ifndef LIQUID_SCENE_TYPE_H
+#define LIQUID_SCENE_TYPE_H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+struct Scene;
+struct InputEvent;
+
+/**
+ * Scene::onInput fp type - handle user input
+ *
+ * @param scene - self
+ * @param event - the input event
+ * @return follow-up scene event, can be SceneEvent_None() if not used.
+ */
+typedef struct SceneEvent (*Scene_onInput_t)(struct Scene *scene, struct InputEvent event);
+
+/**
+ * Scene::onChildReturn fp type
+ *
+ * @param scene - self
+ * @param tag - child's tag
+ * @param status - status code returned from the child
+ * @param data - data returned from the child, must be heap-allocated if not NULL.
+ * @return follow-up scene event, can be SceneEvent_None() if not used.
+ */
+typedef struct SceneEvent (*Scene_onChildReturn_t)(struct Scene *scene, uint32_t tag, int32_t status, void *data);
+
+/**
+ * Scene::onTick fp type
+ *
+ * @param scene - self
+ * @return follow-up scene event, can be SceneEvent_None() if not used.
+ */
+typedef struct SceneEvent (*Scene_onTick_t)(struct Scene *scene);
+
+/**
+ * Scene::paint fp type
+ *
+ * @param scene - self
+ */
+typedef void (*Scene_paint_t)(struct Scene *scene);
+
+/**
+ * Scene::free fp type.
+ * Release internally allocated resources.
+ * This is called by the GUI engine when the scene is closed.
+ *
+ * @param scene - self
+ */
+typedef void (*Scene_free_t)(struct Scene *scene);
+
+/**
+ * Scene instance in the framework
+ */
+struct Scene {
+    /**
+     * Tag given to the scene by its parent to identify its close event.
+     */
+    uint32_t tag;
+
+    /**
+     * Handle input event.
+     * Can return a follow-up scene event, e.g. repaint request.
+     * Nullable field.
+     */
+    Scene_onInput_t onInput;
+
+    /**
+     * Child scene closed, handle its return value and data, if any.
+     * Can return a follow-up scene event.
+     * In any case, the scene will be re-painted, if it stays open and on top.
+     * Nullable field.
+     */
+    Scene_onChildReturn_t onChildReturn;
+
+    /**
+     * Handle a periodic tick (10ms).
+     * Can return a follow-up scene event, e.g. repaint request.
+     * Nullable field.
+     */
+    Scene_onTick_t onTick;
+
+    /**
+     * Draw the scene to the LCD buffer.
+     * DO NOT write to the display yet, it will be done by the GUI engine.
+     *
+     * MANDATORY FIELD
+     */
+    Scene_paint_t paint;
+
+    /**
+     * Release internally allocated resources, if any. Called on close.
+     * Nullable field.
+     */
+    Scene_free_t free;
+};
+
+#endif //LIQUID_SCENE_TYPE_H

main/scenes/scene_car.c

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #include "scenes.h"
 #include "liquid.h"
-#include "../graphics/nokia.h"
 #include <malloc.h>
+#include "graphics/nokia.h"
+#include "graphics/drawing.h"
 
 struct CarScene {
     struct Scene base;

main/scenes/scene_root.c

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
-#include "scenes.h"
-#include "liquid.h"
-#include "../graphics/nokia.h"
-#include "../analog.h"
 #include <malloc.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 
+#include "scenes.h"
+#include "liquid.h"
+#include "analog.h"
+#include "graphics/nokia.h"
+#include "graphics/drawing.h"
+
 /**
  * The struct is allocated bigger than 'Scene' to accommodate private fields.
  * Since the base struct is located at the beginning, it can be cast and passed around as Scene.