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<p><a href="index.html">Home</a> > <a href="usb.htm">USB Central </a>> <a href="usbms.htm">Mass Storage Page</a> >
Mass Storage FAQ</p><p></p>
<h1> Mass Storage FAQ</h1>
<h4>Also see:</h4>
<p><a href="mass_storage.htm">Mass
storage page</a>
</p>
<h2 align="left">General</h2>
<blockquote>
<p align="left"><strong>How long can a device return NAK in a mass-storage
bulk transfer?</strong></p>
<p align="left">The mass-storage specification doesn't define a timeout
value. Hosts typically will wait 20-30 seconds.</p>
<p align="left"> <strong>Can my device's firmware read and store files when
the device isn't attached to a host?</strong></p>
<p align="left">Yes, if the firmware supports a file system such as FAT16
or FAT32. Note that the mass-storage device should have only one mass-storage
master at a time. When the device is attached to and configured by a USB
host, the firmware shouldn't attempt to read or write to files on its
own. </p>
</blockquote>
<h2 align="left">SCSI</h2>
<blockquote>
<p align="left"><strong>What is the SCSI transparent command set?</strong></p>
<p align="left">In the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110226031619/http://www.usb.org/developers/devclass_docs">Mass Storage Class Specification Overview</a>, Table
2.1 says that devices with subclass code 06h implement the "SCSI
transparent command set." The SCSI specifications are available from
<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110226031619/http://www.t10.org/drafts.htm#SCSI3_Family">t10.org</a>, but these documents don't
mention a transparent command set.</p>
<p align="left"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110226031619/https://lists.one-eyed-alien.net/pipermail/usb-storage/2004-September/000795.html">According
to the inventor of the subclass</a>, subclass 06h means that the host should determine
the device type by issuing a SCSI INQUIRY command. In the returned INQUIRY
data, bits 4..0 of byte 0 specify a peripheral device type (PDT). The
SCSI Primary Commands (SPC) specification defines various PDTs and the
specifications they should comply with. </p>
<p align="left"><strong>What value should I use for bInterfaceSubClass in
the interface descriptor?</strong></p>
<p align="left">New designs should use bInterfaceSubClass = 06h (SCSI transparent
command set). The device's response to a SCSI INQUIRY command is then
the single source where the device declares its command set (via the PERIPHERAL
DEVICE TYPE (PDT) and VERSION codes). A device should use a different
bInterfaceSubClass only if it must for some reason adhere to a command
set that has no PDT code (such as SFF-8070i). See the SPC document for
a list of PDTs. </p>
<p align="left"><strong>What commands should my device support?</strong></p>
<p align="left">In the response to a SCSI INQUIRY command, a device returns
a PERIPHERAL DEVICE TYPE code and a VERSION code. For hard drives, flash
drives, and similar devices, PERIPHERAL DEVICE TYPE = 00h (direct access
block device) and VERSION = 04h (SPC-2) or 05h (SPC-3). The code in the
VERSION corresponds to a command set, and the command set's specification
lists mandatory commands.</p>
<p align="left">In some cases, additional INQUIRY data can provide more
information, including vendor-specific data, but not every host will retrieve
more than the first 36 bytes of the response. </p>
<p align="left">The SPC specification documents the INQUIRY command. Also
see the specification for your device type for any device-specific information
about the INQUIRY response.</p>
<p align="left">In practice, many devices don't implement every mandatory
command and just concentrate on the commands used by any hosts the device
is likely to connect to.</p>
<p align="left">The <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110226031619/http://www.usb.org/developers/devclass_docs/MSC-compliance-0_9a.pdf">Mass
Storage Class Compliance Test Specification</a> names required and optional
commands for different PDTs that want to pass USB-IF's mass-storage compliance
tests.</p>
<p align="left"><strong>What is command 0x23 (23h)? I can't find it in the
SPC or SBC documents.</strong></p>
<p align="left">Command 23h is READ FORMAT CAPACITIES in the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110226031619/http://www.t10.org/drafts.htm">Multimedia
Commands (MMC) specification</a> from t10.org.</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 align="left">Windows Specific</h2>
<blockquote>
<p align="left"><strong>Can my device use the Reduced Block Command (RBC)
set?</strong></p>
<p align="left">Windows doesn't support RBC (bInterfaceSubClass 01h or 06h
and PDT = 0Eh), so if you design an RBC device, you'll need to provide
a driver for the host. The USB mass storage overview document from usb.org
incorrectly says that flash drives typically use RBC. Flash drives use
bInterfaceSubClass 06h (SCSI transparent command set) with PDT = 00h (direct-access
block device), the same as hard drives.</p>
<p align="left"><strong>How can I determine the drive letter Windows has
assigned to a USB drive?</strong></p>
<p align="left">Three options:</p>
<p align="left">1. <a href="files/find_drive_letter.txt">Example code</a> from Marc Reinig.</p>
<p align="left">2. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110226031619/http://www.codeproject.com/w2k/usbdisks.asp">How
to get the usbdisk's drive letter properly</a>. Using DeviceIoControl
to get a USB drive's letter. From f22_storm.</p>
<p align="left">3. Usenet thread <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110226031619/http://groups.google.com/group/microsoft.public.development.device.drivers/browse_thread/thread/47322a079ae87adc/09e0c366cacda5c0?q=%22How%2Bto%2Bmatch%2Bbetween%2Bphysical%2Busb%2Bdevice%2Band%2Bits%2Bdrive%2Bletter%22&_done=%2Fgroups%3Fas_q%3D%22How%2Bto%2Bmatch%2Bbetween%2Bphysical%2Busb%2Bdevice%2Band%2Bits%2Bdrive%2Bletter%22%26safe%3Dimages%26lr%3D%26hl%3Den%26&_doneTitle=Back%2Bto%2BSearch&&d&pli=1">How
to match between physical usb device and its drive letter</a>.</p>
</blockquote>
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<p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110226031619/http://creativeusb.com/"><strong>Creative Promo USB Drives</strong></a><br>
Custom designed promotional drives w/ branded printing and duplication.<br>
<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110226031619/http://creativeusb.com/">www.CreativeUSB.com</a></p>
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