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464 lines
25 KiB
464 lines
25 KiB
7 years ago
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<title>Locator Input Model for ANSI Terminals (sixth revision)</title>
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</style>
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<body>
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<p><b>Locator Input Model for ANSI Terminals (sixth revision)</b>
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<hr><p><i>File originally captured 3 Jan, 2011
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at http://web.eecs.utk.edu/~shuford/terminal/dec_vt_mouse.html</i>
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<p><i>Retrieved from archive and restored by Ondřej Hruška <ondra@ondrovo.com>, 2017</i>
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<hr>
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<p>This information has been circulated to other terminal vendors
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and people outside of Digital, but I'm not sure whether it has
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been formally published (the DECterm manual includes some of it).
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<p>I hope you find this helpful.
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<p>- - Peter Sichel
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<p> C&P VT Architecture
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<p> Digital Equipment Corp
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<p><tt> _ _ _ _ _ _ _ </tt>
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<tt> | | | | | | | | </tt>
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<tt> |d|i|g|i|t|a|l| INTEROFFICE MEMORANDUM</tt>
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<tt> |_|_|_|_|_|_|_|</tt>
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<p> TO: Locator Support on DATE: 23 Jun 1989
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<p> Terminals Interest List FROM: Peter Sichel
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<p> DEPT: Video Architecture
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<p> DTN: 223-5162
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<p> LOC: PKO3-1/10C
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<p> NET: VIDEO::SICHEL<hr>
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<p><a href="#Overview">Overview</a>
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<p><a href="#LOCATOR_INPUT_MODEL">Locator Input Model</a>
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<p><a href="#Enabling_Locator_Reporting">Enabling Locator Reporting</a>
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<p><a href="#Locator_Position_Reporting">Locator Position Reporting</a>
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<p><a href="#Selecting_Locator_Events">Selecting Locator Events</a>
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<p><a href="#LOCATOR_SUPPORT_FOR_GRAPHICS">LOCATOR SUPPORT FOR GRAPHICS</a>
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<p><a href="#Locator_Key_Definition">Locator Key Definition (DECLKD)</a>
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<p><a href="#Locator_Key_Definition">DECLKD - DEC Locator Key Definition</a>
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<p><a href="#LOCATOR_DEVICE_SUPPORT">LOCATOR DEVICE SUPPORT</a>
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<p><a href="#Locator_Device_Status_Report_DSR_">Locator Device Status Report (DSR)</a>
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<p><a href="#Locator_Controller_Mode">Locator Controller Mode</a>
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<p><isindex>
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<hr>
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<p>SUBJECT: Locator Input Model for ANSI Terminals (sixth revision)
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<p>This memo defines support for locator input devices on ANSI text
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and graphics terminals. The goal is to make terminals able to
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support the same class of applications popular on PCs and Workstations.
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This is not meant to imply terminals must be compatible with
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workstations, some limitations are unavoidable. The intent is
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to provide a minimal set of locator functions which make sense
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for terminals. Comments are welcome.
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<p><b><a name="Overview">Overview</a></b>
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<p>The terminal is supplied with a locator port which can be used
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to connect an optional <i>mouse</i> or tablet. When locator reporting
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is enabled, a seperate input cursor appears, and the terminal
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tracks the locator locally with no host intervention. Individual
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locator events such as locator button transitions or movement
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may be programmed to send locator reports to the host.
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<p>Each locator report includes the specific event which initiated
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the report, the current state of the locator keys, and the coordinates
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of the input cursor at the time of the event.
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<p>The locator is treated as a manual input device similar to a keyboard.
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Locater events are queued in the keyboard input silo along with
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keystrokes.
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<p><b><a name="LOCATOR_INPUT_MODEL">LOCATOR INPUT MODEL</a></b>
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<p><i><a name="Enabling_Locator_Reporting"></a>Enabling Locator Reporting</i>
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<p>Locator reporting can be selectively enabled from the host using
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a DEC private control sequence. When disabled (the power up default),
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the locator cursor does not appear, and the locator buttons are
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inactive. When enabled, the locator cursor is visible, and the
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terminal tracks the locator locally with no host intervention.
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Individual locator events such as locator button transitions
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or movement may be programmed to send locator reports to the host.
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<p>DECELR - DEC Enable Locator Reports
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<p>CSI Ps ; Pu ' z
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<p> 2/7 7/10
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<p>Ps may assume the following values
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<p> 0 locator disabled (default)
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<p> 1 locator reports enabled
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<p> 2 one shot (allow one report, then disable)
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<p>Pu specifies the coordinate units for locator reports
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<p> 0 (or omitted) default to character cells
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<p> 1 device physical pixels
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<p> 2 character cells
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<p>One shot mode is provided for applications that desire simple
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graphics input similar to Tektronix GIN mode (no unsolicited reports).
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If parameter value 2 is selected, the next trigger event that
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occurs will generate a single locator report. No further locator
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reports will occur (the locator will be disabled), until another
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DECELR sequence is received.
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<p>The coordinate units for locator position reports may be selected
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to either of two coordinate systems used by terminal software
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at the lowest level. Physical pixels is the "least common
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denominator", and is useful for computing sixel positions.
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<p><i><a name="Locator_Position_Reporting">Locator Position Reporting</a></i>
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<p>When a selected trigger event occurs such as a button press or
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release, the terminal transmits a locator position report as follows.
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<p> DECLRP - DEC Locator Report
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<p> CSI Pe ; Pb ; Pr ; Pc ; Pp & w
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<p> 2/6 7/7
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<p> Pe is the event code
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<p> Pb is the button code
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<p> Pr is the row coordinate
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<p> Pc is the column coordinate
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<p> Pp is the third coordinate (page number)
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<p>Pe, the event code indicates what event caused this
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report to be generated. The following event codes are defined:
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<p> 0 - request, the terminal received an explicit request
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<p> for a locator report, but the locator is unavailable
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<p> 1 - request, the terminal received an explicit
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<p> request for a locator report
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<p> 2 - left button down
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<p> 3 - left button up
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<p> 4 - middle button down
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<p> 5 - middle button up
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<p> 6 - right button down
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<p> 7 - right button up
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<p> 8 - fourth button down
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<p> 9 - fourth button up
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<p> 10 - locator outside filter rectangle
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<p>Pb is the button code, ASCII decimal 0-15 indicating which buttons
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are down if any. The state of the four buttons on the locator
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correspond to the low four bits of the decimal value, "1"
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means button depressed
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<p> 0 - no buttons down
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<p> 1 - right
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<p> 2 - middle
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<p> 4 - left
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<p> 8 - fourth
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<p>Pr is the row coordinate of the locator position in the page,
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encoded as an ASCII decimal value. If Pr is omitted, the locator
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position is undefined (outside the terminal window for example).
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<p>Pc is the column coordinate of the locator position in the page,
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encoded as an ASCII decimal value. If Pc is omitted, the locator
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position is undefined (outside the terminal window for example).
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<p>Pp is the page coordinate of the locator position encoded as an
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ASCII decimal value. The page coordinate may be omitted if the
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locator is on page one (the default).
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<p>Each locator report includes both the specific transition which
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caused this event, and the current button state. This allows
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software to determine what event just occured and which buttons
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are down without keeping track of previous events or button state.
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In a multiprocess shared locator environment, an application
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may not know the previous button state. This dual reporting also
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allows applications to recover from lost locator reports.
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<p>Each locator event generates a single report. In the rare situation
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where two events occur simultaneously (within a single sampling
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period), the terminal will report this as two separate events.
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The order of reporting shall be by increasing event code number
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(left button first).
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<p>Locator events are queued in the keyboard input silo just like
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keystrokes. Each locator event occupies one position in the silo
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(the keyboard silo currently must have at least 9 positions).
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If the input silo becomes full, the locator and keyboard are
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locked until there is again room in the silo. The sequential
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order of keystroke and locator events is strictly maintained.
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<p>It is the responsibility of the host to accept data fast enough
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to avoid locking the locator unintentionally. The limited buffering
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inside the terminal gives the host a little more time to process
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locator events smoothly.
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<p>When the keyboard is locked, the "wait" indicator on
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the keyboard turns on. The keyboard is automatically locked any
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time the keyboard input silo is full. The keyboard can be locked
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explicitly using the keyboard action mode (KAM) control function.
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<p>When the locator is locked, the terminal continues to track the
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locator, but the input cursor changes shape to appear as a wristwatch
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(or other shape indicating to wait). The wristwatch cursor indicates
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that locator button transitions will be ignored, but allows the
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user to continue positioning in anticipation of the locator being
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unlocked. The locator is automatically locked any time the input
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silo is full.
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<p>Locator-ahead, analogous to keyboard type-ahead is supported by
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having each report include the locator position at the time of
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the event, and maintaining the sequential order of keystroke and
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locator events.
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<p>A final implication of using the keyboard silo to buffer text
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locator events is that locator and keyboard input should be associated
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with the same session at all times. The session to receive these
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events is sometimes called the "active session" or "input
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focus". In a multi-session windowing environment, the input
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cursor is allowed to roam freely over the entire screen in response
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to locator movement. The input cursor is never occluded when
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locator reporting is enabled in one or more sessions. Each session
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enables locator reporting independently. The following cases
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describe the locator interaction with session viewports and scroll
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regions.
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<p>1. The input cursor is within the active session's viewport.
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Pressing a button on the locator sends a locator report when enabled.
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<p>2. The input cursor is inside the active session's viewport,
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but outside the range of defined coordinates for that session.
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Pressing a button on the locator will generate a report with omitted
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coordinates (position undefined). An example would be when the
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input cursor is outside the active scrolling region, and the origin
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mode has been set to relative. To use the locator to adjust scroll
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margins, the origin mode must be absolute.
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<p>3. The input cursor is not contained in any viewport. Pressing
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a button on the locator will have no effect. To support "pop
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up" menus anywhere on the screen, the entire screen must
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be a viewport for at least one session.
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<p>4. The input cursor is within a viewport of a session which is
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not the active session. Pressing a button on the locator will
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normally make the session containing the input cursor the active
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session (possibly changing the occlusion order of viewports, and
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the shape of the locator). This case is the responsibility of
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the "window manager" which is free to define its own
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user interface. Two recommendations are: (1) No locator report
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should be sent to the previous active session, since the locator
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is not in its viewport; and (2) If locator reporting is enabled
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in the new session, a locator report should not be transmitted
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to avoid application side affects when selecting another window.
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<p>Requesting A Locator Position Report
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<p>The host may explicitly request a locator position report any
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time locator reporting is enabled (DECELR). Upon receiving such
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a request, the terminal will immediately send a single locator
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report (DECLRP) with event code 1 indicating the current locator
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position.
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<p>If the session receiving the request is the active session, but
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the locator is not within the defined coordinate range for that
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session, the terminal will respond with omitted coordinates (locator
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position undefined).
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<p>If the session receiving the request is not currently active (the
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locator is being used in another session), the report will specify
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event code 0 (locator unavailable). Locator state from the active
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session should not be made available to inactive sessions.
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<p>If the locator is disabled (DECELR), the terminal should still
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respond with event code 0 (to avoid timing out the application).
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<p> DECRQLP - DEC Request Locator Position
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<p>CSI Ps ' |
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<p> 2/7 7/12
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<p>Ps:
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<p> 0 (or omitted) default to 1
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<p> 1 transmit a single DECLRP locator report all
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others ignored
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<p>Filter Rectangles
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<p>Filter Rectangles add filtered movement events to the list of
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locator transitions that can generate reports.
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<p>DECEFR - DEC Enable Filter Rectangle
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<p> CSI Pt ; Pl ; Pb ; Pr ' w
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<p> 2/7 7/7
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<p> Pt - Top boundary of filter rectangle
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<p> Pl - Left boundary of filter rectangle
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<p> Pb - Bottom boundary of filter rectangle
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<p> Pr - Right boundary of filter rectangle
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<p>The DECEFR control sequence defines the coordinates of a filter
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rectangle, and activates it. Anytime the locator is detected
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to be outside a filter rectangle, an outside rectangle event is
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generated and the rectangle is disabled. Filter rectangles are
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always treated as "one-shot" events. Defining a new
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rectangle re-activates it.
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<p>Applications can re-define the rectangle at any time even if its
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already active. If a rectangle which does not contain the locator
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is specified, the terminal will generate an outside rectangle
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report immediately and deactivate it.
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<p>Pt, Pl, Pb, and Pr are in coordinates units specified by the last
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DECELR sequence. The filter rectangle includes the boundaries
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(similar to other rectangular area operations). The origin is
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coordinate pair 1:1 in the upper left corner. If any parameters
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are omitted, they are defaulted to the current locator position.
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Sending DECEFR with no parameters will cause the application to
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be notified for any locator movement ("unfiltered movement
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event").
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<p>DECELR always cancels any previous filter rectangle definition.
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This gaurantees that when an application enables locator reports,
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there will never be an outstanding filter rectangle.
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<p>If a filter rectangle lies on the edge of the defined coordinate
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space for the active session, and the locator crosses that edge,
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the rectangle may be triggered to send a report with omitted coordinates
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(locator position undefined).
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<p>If the active session receives a filter rectangle with explicit
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coordinates while the locator is outside the defined coordinate
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space, the rectangle will be triggered to send a report with omitted
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coordinates.
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<p>If the active session receives a filter rectangle with omitted
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coordinates (that is, use the current position) while the locator
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is outside the defined coordinate space (position undefined),
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the rectangle will be triggered the next time the locator is within
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the defined coordinate space.
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<p>If a session which is not the active session receives a filter
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rectangle with explicit coordinates, it should trigger immediately
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with position undefined. If a session which is not the active
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session receives a rectangle with omitted coordinates, it should
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trigger the next time the locator is within the defined coordinate
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space for that session, which cannot happen until the session
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becomes active.
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<p><i><a name="Selecting_Locator_Events">Selecting Locator Events</a></i>
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<p>The locator events which are allowed to generate unsolicited reports
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may be individually selected using the Select Locator Events control.
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The locator is capable of reporting both up and down transitions
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for those situations where the exact sequence of button activiations
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is significant. This control allows application software to select
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which events it wants reported.
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<p>DECSLE - Select Locator Events
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<p> CSI P...P ' {
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<p> 2/7 7/11
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<p> P...P is one or more selective parameters which may
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assume the following values:
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<p> 0 respond only to explicit host requests
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<p> (default, also cancels any pending filter rectangle)
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<p> 1 report button down transitions
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<p> 2 do not report button down transitions
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<p> 3 report button up transitions
|
||
|
|
<p> 4 do not report button up transitions
|
||
|
|
<p><b><a name="LOCATOR_SUPPORT_FOR_GRAPHICS">LOCATOR SUPPORT FOR
|
||
|
|
GRAPHICS</a></b>
|
||
|
|
<p>The locator can be used in REGIS, and in Tektronix GIN mode during
|
||
|
|
Tektronix 401x emulation.
|
||
|
|
<p>REGIS One-shot Graphics Input Mode is provided for backward compatibility
|
||
|
|
with the VT240. When an application requests graphics input,
|
||
|
|
a cross hair cursor appears which may be positioned using either
|
||
|
|
the arrow keys (as on the VT240), or a locator device. Pressing
|
||
|
|
any non-arrow key on the keyboard which is not dead or a button
|
||
|
|
on the locator will cause the following actions:
|
||
|
|
<p>1. The ASCII code or codes for the non-arrow key that was pressed
|
||
|
|
is sent to the host. Each locator button can be programmed to
|
||
|
|
send a sequence of 0 to 6 characters. This allows the locator
|
||
|
|
to be programmed to work with existing applications (see DECLKD
|
||
|
|
below).
|
||
|
|
<p>2. The coordinates of the input cursor at the time that the non-arrow
|
||
|
|
key was depressed are sent to the host, expressed as an absolute
|
||
|
|
bracketed extent in user coordinates.
|
||
|
|
<p>3. The graphics input cursor disappears from the screen and the
|
||
|
|
terminal exits graphics input mode.
|
||
|
|
<p>While the terminal is in graphics input mode, no further data
|
||
|
|
from the application is processed until the locator input is complete
|
||
|
|
and a report is generated.
|
||
|
|
<p>The mouse and arrow keys may be intermixed freely in REGIS One-Shot
|
||
|
|
Graphics Input Mode. Since the tablet is an absolute positioning
|
||
|
|
device, use of the arrow keys in combination with the tablet would
|
||
|
|
cause inconsistent and confusing behavior. The arrow keys are
|
||
|
|
disabled for input cursor positioning when the tablet is in proximity
|
||
|
|
because the tablet establishes a unique screen position.
|
||
|
|
<p><i><a name="Locator_Key_Definition">Locator Key Definition</a>
|
||
|
|
(DECLKD)</i>
|
||
|
|
<p>The DECLKD device control string down line loads one or more definitions
|
||
|
|
for use by the Locator device during REGIS One-shot Graphics Input.
|
||
|
|
These definitions are called Locator Key Definitions (LKDs).
|
||
|
|
<p>DECLKD is intended for older applications that use ReGIS one-shot
|
||
|
|
input mode with keystroke commands like "A", "B",
|
||
|
|
"C", etc. These commands can be re-bound to buttons
|
||
|
|
on the mouse by sending DECLKD (possibly before running the application).
|
||
|
|
<p>There are six bytes available to each of the locator keys (upto
|
||
|
|
four). A power-up restart or RIS will cause the LKDs to be set
|
||
|
|
to their default value. LKDs are not affected by DECSTR.
|
||
|
|
<p>Default Locator Key Definitions
|
||
|
|
<p> No button transition ESC [ 240 ~
|
||
|
|
<p> Ky1 down transition ESC [ 241 ~
|
||
|
|
<p> Ky2 down transition ESC [ 243 ~
|
||
|
|
<p> Ky3 down transition ESC [ 245 ~
|
||
|
|
<p> Ky4 down transition ESC [ 247 ~
|
||
|
|
<p>Where:
|
||
|
|
<p> Ky1 = B1 = Left = barrel button
|
||
|
|
<p> Ky2 = B2 = Middle = tip button
|
||
|
|
<p> Ky3 = B3 = Right
|
||
|
|
<p> Ky4 = B4 (tablet cursor only)
|
||
|
|
<p>Up Transitions are ignored by default.
|
||
|
|
<p><i>DECLKD - DEC Locator Key Definition</i>
|
||
|
|
<p> DCS Pc $ w Ky1 / Std1 / Stu1 ; ... ; Kyn / Stnd
|
||
|
|
/ Stnu ST
|
||
|
|
<p> 2/4 7/7
|
||
|
|
<p> Where:
|
||
|
|
<p>Pc - Clear parameter
|
||
|
|
<p>0 (or omitted) Clear all LKDs before loading new values. All button
|
||
|
|
definition strings are empty (not the default).
|
||
|
|
<p>1 Clear old definition only for keys that are redefined. Kyn /
|
||
|
|
Stnd / Stnu - Key selection code n, slash delimeter, and string
|
||
|
|
parameter n for down and up key transitions.
|
||
|
|
<p>Kyn is a single ASCII digit, and Std/Stu is a series of ASCII
|
||
|
|
hex pairs. If Std or Stu is omitted, the corresponding button
|
||
|
|
string will be empty. Key definition strings are delimited with
|
||
|
|
a semicolon (";").
|
||
|
|
<p>Graphics and ANSI Locator Input
|
||
|
|
<p>Support for graphics input in REGIS is extended by allowing ANSI
|
||
|
|
locator input to operate normally regardless of whether the host
|
||
|
|
output stream is being interpreted as ANSI or REGIS. If ANSI
|
||
|
|
locator reporting is enabled, keystrokes and locator position
|
||
|
|
reports may be generated without being solicited from the host.
|
||
|
|
Characters received from the host are executed instead of buffered,
|
||
|
|
so graphics output and graphics input may occur simultaneously.
|
||
|
|
<p>If one-shot graphics input mode is entered (REGIS report position
|
||
|
|
interactive) while ANSI locator reporting is enabled, the locator
|
||
|
|
cursor will change to a cross-hair. Pressing a non-arrow key
|
||
|
|
on the keyboard will send the character for that key followed
|
||
|
|
by the REGIS user coordinates as a bracketed extent. If a locator
|
||
|
|
button had been pressed instead, the characters for the locator
|
||
|
|
button (if any) would be sent followed by the REGIS position report,
|
||
|
|
and finally the ANSI locator report (DECLRP) if enabled. Upon
|
||
|
|
sending the REGIS position report, the terminal exits one-shot
|
||
|
|
input mode, and the input cursor returns to its previous state.
|
||
|
|
<p>The ANSI locator report should still be sent in the above situation
|
||
|
|
(if enabled) to keep the two modes independent. This allows filter
|
||
|
|
rectangles to continue operating, and also keeps the ANSI state
|
||
|
|
(last DECLRP seen) consistent with the last button transition.
|
||
|
|
<p>The order of reports is chosen to allow a subroutine to send
|
||
|
|
R(P(I)) and read the REGIS response that follows without regard
|
||
|
|
to whether ANSI locator reports are enabled.
|
||
|
|
<p>Since the ANSI locator report is in the form of a control sequence,
|
||
|
|
it should not inferfere with REGIS reports. No special procedure
|
||
|
|
is used to indicate REGIS data from the terminal. This is backward
|
||
|
|
compatible with the VT240 since ANSI locator reports can only
|
||
|
|
occur if ANSI locator reporting is enabled.
|
||
|
|
<p>The suspension of graphics output during REGIS one-shot graphics
|
||
|
|
input remains the same. This is necessary to support rubber-band
|
||
|
|
cursors. Rubber-band cursors use the REGIS output position as
|
||
|
|
one reference point, and the locator input position as the other.
|
||
|
|
Rubber-band cursors are specified as an option on the REGIS report
|
||
|
|
position interactive command.
|
||
|
|
<p><b><a name="LOCATOR_DEVICE_SUPPORT">LOCATOR DEVICE SUPPORT</a></b>
|
||
|
|
<p>Locator support is currently planned as an extension to the level
|
||
|
|
3 character cell architecture. The primary device attributes
|
||
|
|
response will report the locator extension as parameter value
|
||
|
|
15 (locator port), and 29 (text locator).
|
||
|
|
<p>Host software may request a Device Status Report (DSR) to determine
|
||
|
|
whether a locator is available. Upon receiving the appropriate
|
||
|
|
DSR request, the terminal will respond to indicate the locator
|
||
|
|
is ready if a locator device is plugged in, and has transmitted
|
||
|
|
a successful self test message.
|
||
|
|
<p><i><a name="Locator_Device_Status_Report_DSR_">Locator Device
|
||
|
|
Status Report (DSR)</a></i>
|
||
|
|
<p>Host request locator device status CSI ? 55 n
|
||
|
|
<p>No locator CSI ? 53 n
|
||
|
|
<p>Locator ready CSI ? 50 n
|
||
|
|
<p>Locator busy CSI ? 58 n
|
||
|
|
<p>The locator busy response can occur when an alternate session
|
||
|
|
has selected locator controller mode (see below).
|
||
|
|
<p><i><a name="Locator_Controller_Mode"></a>Locator Controller Mode</i>
|
||
|
|
<p>Locator Controller Mode allows the host to communicate directly
|
||
|
|
with the locator device without terminal intervention (similar
|
||
|
|
to printer controller mode). When locator controller mode is
|
||
|
|
set, all data received at the host port is transferred directly
|
||
|
|
to the locator port without interpretation by the display terminal.
|
||
|
|
<p>The only exceptions are the communications control characters
|
||
|
|
XON/XOFF (if enabled), and the control sequence to disabled locator
|
||
|
|
controller mode. All characters received at locator port are
|
||
|
|
transferred to the host port without interpretation. The host
|
||
|
|
assumes full responsibility for the locator device.
|
||
|
|
<p>Locator controller mode is desirable for two reasons:
|
||
|
|
<p>1. It allows the host to explicitly initialize or configure locator
|
||
|
|
devices. A foriegn locator device might not wake up in DEC format
|
||
|
|
for example.
|
||
|
|
<p>2. It allows the locator port to be used for other auxilliary
|
||
|
|
input devices. A bar code reader could be interfaced to the locator
|
||
|
|
port for example, allowing the terminal to support a bar code
|
||
|
|
reader without pre-empting the printer port.
|
||
|
|
<p>Turn off locator controller mode (MC) CSI 6 i
|
||
|
|
<p>Turn on locator controller mode (MC) CSI 7 i
|
||
|
|
<p><i>[End of memo]</i>
|
||
|
|
</body>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</html>
|