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        <b><u>Encapsulation of Opus in ISO Base Media File Format</u></b><br>
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        <font size="2">last updated: August 28, 2018</font><br>
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        <br>
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                                Encapsulation of Opus in ISO Base Media File Format
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                                        Version 0.8.1 (incomplete)
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Table of Contents
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<a href="#1">1</a> Scope
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<a href="#2">2</a> Normative References
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<a href="#3">3</a> Terms and Definitions
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<a href="#4">4</a> Design Rules of Encapsulation
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    <a href="#4.1">4.1</a> File Type Identification
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    <a href="#4.2">4.2</a> Overview of Track Structure
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    <a href="#4.3">4.3</a> Definitions of Opus sample
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        <a href="#4.3.1">4.3.1</a> Sample entry format
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        <a href="#4.3.2">4.3.2</a> Opus Specific Box
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        <a href="#4.3.3">4.3.3</a> Sample format
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        <a href="#4.3.4">4.3.4</a> Duration of Opus sample
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        <a href="#4.3.5">4.3.5</a> Sub-sample
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        <a href="#4.3.6">4.3.6</a> Random Access
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            <a href="#4.3.6.1">4.3.6.1</a> Random Access Point
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            <a href="#4.3.6.2">4.3.6.2</a> Pre-roll
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    <a href="#4.4">4.4</a> Trimming of Actual Duration
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    <a href="#4.5">4.5</a> Channel Mapping
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        <a href="#4.5.1">4.5.1</a> ISO Base Media native Channel Mapping
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        <a href="#4.5.2">4.5.2</a> Composition on all active tracks (informative)
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    <a href="#4.6">4.6</a> Basic Structure (informative)
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        <a href="#4.6.1">4.6.2</a> Initial Movie
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        <a href="#4.6.2">4.6.3</a> Movie Fragments
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    <a href="#4.7">4.7</a> Example of Encapsulation (informative)
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<a href="#5">5</a> Author's Address
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<a name="1"></a>
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1 Scope
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    This specification specifies the fundamental way of the encapsulation of Opus coded bitstreams in ISO Base Media
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    file format and its derivatives. The encapsulation of Opus coded bitstreams in QuickTime file format is outside
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    the scope of this specification.
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<a name="2"></a>
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2 Normative References
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    [1] ISO/IEC 14496-12:2015 Corrected version
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        Information technology — Coding of audio-visual objects — Part 12: ISO base media file format
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    [2] RFC 6716
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        Definition of the Opus Audio Codec
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    [3] RFC 7845
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        Ogg Encapsulation for the Opus Audio Codec
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<a name="3"></a>
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3 Terms and Definitions
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    3.1 active track
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        enabled track from the non-alternate group or selected track from alternate group
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    3.2 actual duration
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        duration constructed from valid samples
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    3.3 edit
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        entry in the Edit List Box
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    3.4 padded samples
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        PCM samples after decoding Opus sample(s) which are not valid samples
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        An Opus bitstream always contains them partially at the beginning and may contain them in part at the end, as
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        long as not physically removed yet at the beginning and/or the end.
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    3.5 priming samples
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        padded samples at the beginning of the Opus bitstream
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    3.6 sample-accurate
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        for any PCM sample, a timestamp exactly matching its sampling timestamp is present in the media timeline.
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    3.7 valid samples
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        PCM samples after decoding Opus sample(s) corresponding to input PCM samples
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<a name="4"></a>
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4 Design Rules of Encapsulation
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    4.1 File Type Identification<a name="4.1"></a>
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        This specification defines the brand 'Opus' to declare files are conformant to this specification. Additionally,
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        files conformant to this specification shall contain at least one brand, which supports the requirements and the
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        requirements described in this clause without contradiction, in the compatible brands list of the File Type Box.
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        As an example, the minimal support of the encapsulation of Opus bitstreams in ISO Base Media file format requires
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        the 'iso2' brand in the compatible brands list since support of roll groups is required.
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<a name="4.2"></a>
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    4.2 Overview of Track Structure
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        This clause summarizes requirements of the encapsulation of Opus coded bitstream as media data in audio tracks
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        in file formats compliant with the ISO Base Media File Format. The details are described in clauses after this
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        clause.
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            + The handler_type field in the Handler Reference Box shall be set to 'soun'.
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            + The Media Information Box shall contain the Sound Media Header Box.
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            + The codingname of the sample entry is 'Opus'.
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                This specification does not define any encapsulation using MP4AudioSampleEntry with objectTypeIndication
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                specified by the MPEG-4 Registration Authority (http://www.mp4ra.org/).
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                See 4.3.1 Sample entry format to get the details about the sample entry.
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            + The 'dOps' box is added to the sample entry to convey initializing information for the decoder.
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                See 4.3.2 Opus Specific Box to get the details.
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            + An Opus sample is exactly one Opus packet for each of different Opus bitstreams.
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                See 4.3.3 Sample format to get the details.
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            + Every Opus sample is a sync sample but requires pre-roll for every random access to get correct output.
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                See 4.3.6 Random Access to get the details.
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<a name="4.3"></a>
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    4.3 Definitions of Opus sample
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        4.3.1 Sample entry format<a name="4.3.1"></a>
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            For any track containing Opus bitstreams, at least one sample entry describing corresponding Opus bitstream
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            shall be present inside the Sample Table Box. This version of the specification defines only one sample
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            entry format named OpusSampleEntry whose codingname is 'Opus'. This sample entry includes exactly one Opus
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            Specific Box defined in 4.3.2 as a mandatory box and indicates that Opus samples described by this sample
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            entry are stored by the sample format described in 4.3.3.
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            The syntax and semantics of the OpusSampleEntry is shown as follows.
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            class OpusSampleEntry() extends AudioSampleEntry ('Opus') {
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                OpusSpecificBox();
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            }
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            + channelcount:
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                The channelcount field indicates the number of output channels and shall be set to the same value of
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                the OutputChannelCount in the OpusDecoderConfigurationRecord. The value of this field may be used in
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                the ChannelLayout if any as described in 4.5.1.
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            + samplesize:
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                The samplesize field shall be set to 16.
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            + samplerate:
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                The samplerate field shall be set to 48000<<16.
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            + OpusSpecificBox
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                This box contains initializing information for the decoder as defined in 4.3.2.
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        4.3.2 Opus Specific Box<a name="4.3.2"></a>
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            Exactly one Opus Specific Box shall be present in each OpusSampleEntry.
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            The Opus Specific Box contains an OpusDecoderConfigurationRecord which contains the Version field and
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            this specification defines version 0 of this record. If incompatible changes occured in the fields after
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            the Version field within the OpusDecoderConfigurationRecord in the future versions of this specification,
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            another version will be defined.
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            This box refers to Ogg Opus [3] at many parts but all the data are stored as big-endian format.
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            The syntax and semantics of the Opus Specific Box is shown as follows.
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            class ChannelMappingTable (unsigned int(8) OutputChannelCount) {
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                unsigned int(8) StreamCount;
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                unsigned int(8) CoupledCount;
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                unsigned int(8 * OutputChannelCount) ChannelMapping;
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            }
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            aligned(8) class OpusDecoderConfigurationRecord {
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                unsigned int(8) Version;
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                unsigned int(8) OutputChannelCount;
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                unsigned int(16) PreSkip;
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                unsigned int(32) InputSampleRate;
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                signed int(16) OutputGain;
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                unsigned int(8) ChannelMappingFamily;
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                if (ChannelMappingFamily != 0) {
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                    ChannelMappingTable(OutputChannelCount);
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                }
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            }
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            class OpusSpecificBox extends Box('dOps') {
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                OpusDecoderConfigurationRecord() OpusConfig;
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            }
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            + Version:
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                The Version field shall be set to 0.
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                In the future versions of this specification, this field may be set to other values. And without support
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                of those values, the reader shall not read the fields after this within the OpusSpecificBox.
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            + OutputChannelCount:
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                The OutputChannelCount field shall be set to the same value as the *Output Channel Count* field in the
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                identification header defined in Ogg Opus [3].
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            + PreSkip:
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                The PreSkip field indicates the number of the priming samples, that is, the number of samples at 48000 Hz
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                to discard from the decoder output when starting playback. The value of the PreSkip field shall be at least
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                80 milliseconds' worth of PCM samples even when removing any number of Opus samples which may or may not
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                contain the priming samples. The PreSkip field is not used for discarding the priming samples at the whole
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                playback at all since it is informative only, and that task falls on the Edit List Box.
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            + InputSampleRate:
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                The InputSampleRate field shall be set to the same value as the *Input Sample Rate* field in the
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                identification header defined in Ogg Opus [3].
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            + OutputGain:
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                The OutputGain field shall be set to the same value as the *Output Gain* field in the identification
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                header define in Ogg Opus [3]. Note that the value is stored as 8.8 fixed-point.
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            + ChannelMappingFamily:
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                The ChannelMappingFamily field shall be set to the same value as the *Channel Mapping Family* field in
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                the identification header defined in Ogg Opus [3]. Note that the value 255 may be used for an alternative
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                to map channels by ISO Base Media native mapping. The details are described in 4.5.1.
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            + StreamCount:
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                The StreamCount field shall be set to the same value as the *Stream Count* field in the identification
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                header defined in Ogg Opus [3].
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            + CoupledCount:
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                The CoupledCount field shall be set to the same value as the *Coupled Count* field in the identification
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                header defined in Ogg Opus [3].
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            + ChannelMapping:
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                The ChannelMapping field shall be set to the same octet string as *Channel Mapping* field in the identi-
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                fication header defined in Ogg Opus [3].
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        4.3.3 Sample format<a name="4.3.3"></a>
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            An Opus sample is exactly one Opus packet for each of different Opus bitstreams. Due to support more than
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            two channels, an Opus sample can contain frames from multiple Opus bitstreams but all Opus packets shall
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            share with the total of frame sizes in a single Opus sample. The way of how to pack an Opus packet from
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            each of Opus bitstreams into a single Opus sample follows Appendix B. in RFC 6716 [2].
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            The endianness has nothing to do with any Opus sample since every Opus packet is processed byte-by-byte.
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            In this specification, 'sample' means 'Opus sample' except for 'padded samples', 'priming samples', 'valid
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            sample' and 'sample-accurate', i.e. 'sample' is 'sample' in the term defined in ISO/IEC 14496-12 [1].
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                +-----------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+
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                | Opus packet 0 (self-delimiting framing) | Opus packet 1 (undelimited framing) |
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                +-----------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+
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                |<---------------------------- the size of Opus sample ------------------------>|
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                    Figure 1 - Example structure of an Opus sample containing two Opus bitstreams
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        4.3.4 Duration of Opus sample<a name="4.3.4"></a>
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            The duration of Opus sample is given by multiplying the total of frame sizes for a single Opus bitstream
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            expressed in seconds by the value of the timescale field in the Media Header Box.
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            Let's say an Opus sample consists of two Opus bitstreams, where the frame size of one bitstream is 40 milli-
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            seconds and the frame size of another is 60 milliseconds, and the timescale field in the Media Header Box
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            is set to 48000, then the duration of that Opus sample shall be 120 milliseconds since three 40 millisecond
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            frame and two 60 millisecond frames shall be contained because of the maximum duration of Opus packet, 120
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            milliseconds, and 5760 in the timescale indicated in the Media Header Box.
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            To indicate the valid samples excluding the padded samples at the end of Opus bitstream, the duration of
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            the last Opus sample of an Opus bitstream is given by multiplying the number of the valid samples by the
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            value produced by dividing the value of the timescale field in the Media Header Box by 48000.
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        4.3.5 Sub-sample<a name="4.3.5"></a>
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            The structure of the last Opus packet in an Opus sample is different from the others in the same Opus sample,
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            and the others are invalid Opus packets as an Opus sample because of self-delimiting framing. To avoid
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            complexities, sub-sample is not defined for Opus sample in this specification.
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        4.3.6 Random Access<a name="4.3.6"></a>
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            This subclause describes the nature of the random access of Opus sample.
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            4.3.6.1 Random Access Point<a name="4.3.6.1"></a>
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                All Opus samples can be independently decoded i.e. every Opus sample is a sync sample. Therefore, the
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                Sync Sample Box shall not be present as long as there are no samples other than Opus samples in the same
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                track. And the sample_is_non_sync_sample field for Opus samples shall be set to 0.
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            4.3.6.2 Pre-roll<a name="4.3.6.2"></a>
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                Opus bitstream requires at least 80 millisecond pre-roll after each random access to get correct output.
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                Pre-roll is indicated by the roll_distance field in AudioRollRecoveryEntry. AudioPreRollEntry shall not
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                be used since every Opus sample is a sync sample in Opus bitstream. Note that roll_distance is expressed
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                in sample units in a term of ISO Base Media File Format, and always takes negative values.
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                For any track containing Opus bitstreams, at least one Sample Group Description Box and at least one
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                Sample to Group Box within the Sample Table Box shall be present and these have the grouping_type field
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                set to 'roll'. If any Opus sample is contained in a track fragment, the Sample to Group Box with the
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                grouping_type field set to 'roll' shall be present for that track fragment.
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                For the requirement of AudioRollRecoveryEntry, the compatible_brands field in the File Type Box shall
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                contain at least one brand which requires support for roll groups.
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<a name="4.4"></a>
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    4.4 Trimming of Actual Duration
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        Due to the priming samples (or the padding at the beginning) derived from the pre-roll for the startup and the
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        padded samples at the end, we need trim from media to get the actual duration. An edit in the Edit List Box can
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        achieve this demand, and the Edit Box and the Edit List Box shall be present.
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        For sample-accurate trimming, proper timescale should be set to the timescale field in the Movie Header Box
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        and the Media Header Box inside Track Box(es) for Opus bitstream. The timescale field in the Media Header Box is
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        typically set to 48000. It is recommended that the timescale field in the Movie Header Box be set to the same
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        value of the timescale field in the Media Header Box in order to avoid the rounding problem when specifying
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        duration of edit if the timescales in all of the Media Header Boxes are set to the same value.
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        For example, to indicate the actual duration of an Opus bitstream in a track with the timescale fields of both
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        the Movie Header Box and the Media Header Box set to 48000, we would use the following edit:
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            segment_duration = the number of the valid samples
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            media_time = the number of the priming samples
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            media_rate = 1 << 16
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        The Edit List Box is applied to whole movie including all movie fragments. Therefore, it is impossible to tell
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        the actual duration in the case producing movie fragments on the fly such as live-streaming. In such cases,
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        the duration of the last Opus sample may be helpful by setting zero to the segment_duration field since the
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        value 0 represents implicit duration equal to the sum of the duration of all samples.
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<a name="4.5"></a>
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    4.5 Channel Mapping
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        4.5.1 ISO Base Media native Channel Mapping<a name="4.5.1"></a>
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            ISO Base Media File Format, that is ISO/IEC 14496-12 [1], defines an extension ChannelLayout to the
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            AudioSampleEntry, which conveys information of mapping channels to loudspeaker positions. The ChannelLayout
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            enables to specify the channel layout more flexibly than the predefined layouts of the ChannelMappingFamily.
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            To utilize the ChannelLayout for OpusSampleEntry, the ChannelMappingFamily field should be set to 255.
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            Even when the ChannelMappingFamily field is set to another value, the assignment of each output channel to
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            loudspeaker position specified by the ChannelMappingFamily would be changed as specified by the ChannelLayout.
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            The procedure of the assignment is the following.
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                1. Decoded channels are mapped to output channels according to the ChannelMappingTable.
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                2. Output channels are mapped to loudspeaker positions according to the ChannelLayout.
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            In this way, the parameters of the Opus Specific Box are processed before the ChannelLayout, and the
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            ChannelLayout shall follow the Opus Specific Box.
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        4.5.2 Composition on all active tracks (informative)<a name="4.5.2"></a>
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            By the application of alternate_group in the Track Header Box, whole audio channels in all active tracks from
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            non-alternate group and/or different alternate group from each other are composited into the presentation. If
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            an Opus sample consists of multiple Opus bitstreams, it can be splitted into individual Opus bitstreams and
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            reconstructed into new Opus samples as long as every Opus bitstream has the same total duration in each Opus
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            sample. This nature can be utilized to encapsulate a single Opus bitstream in each track without breaking the
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            original channel layout.
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            As an example, let's say there is a following track:
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                OutputChannelCount = 6;
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                StreamCount        = 4;
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                CoupledCount       = 2;
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                ChannelMapping     = {0, 4, 1, 2, 3, 5}; // front left, front center, front right,
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                                                         // rear left, rear right, LFE
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            Here, to couple front left to front right channels into the first stream, and couple rear left to rear right
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            channels into the second stream, reordering is needed since coupled streams must precede any non-coupled
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            stream. You extract the four Opus bitstreams from this track and you encapsulate two of the four into a track
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            and the others into another track. The former track is as follows.
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                OutputChannelCount = 6;
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                StreamCount        = 2;
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                CoupledCount       = 2;
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                ChannelMapping     = {0, 255, 1, 2, 3, 255}; // front left, front center, front right,
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                                                             // rear left, rear right, LFE
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            And the latter track is as follows.
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                OutputChannelCount = 6;
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                StreamCount        = 2;
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                CoupledCount       = 0;
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                ChannelMapping     = {255, 0, 255, 255, 255, 1}; // front left, front center, front right,
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                                                                 // rear left, rear right, LFE
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            In addition, the value of the alternate_group field in the both tracks is set to 0. As the result, the player
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            may play as if channels with 255 are not present, and play the presentation constructed from the both tracks
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            in the same channel layout as the one of the original track. Keep in mind that the way of the composition, i.e.
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            the mixing for playback, is not defined here, and maybe different results could occur except for the channel
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            layout of the original, depending on an implementation or the definition of a derived file format.
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            Note that some derived file formats may specify the restriction to ignore alternate grouping. In the context
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            of such file formats, this application is not available. This unavailability does not mean incompatibilities
 | 
						|
            among file formats unless the restriction to the value of the alternate_group field is specified and brings
 | 
						|
            about any conflict among their definitions.
 | 
						|
<a name="4.6"></a>
 | 
						|
    4.6 Basic Structure (informative)
 | 
						|
        4.6.1 Initial Movie<a name="4.6.1"></a>
 | 
						|
            This subclause shows a basic structure of the Movie Box as follows:
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |moov|    |    |    |    |    |    |    | Movie Box                    |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |mvhd|    |    |    |    |    |    | Movie Header Box             |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |trak|    |    |    |    |    |    | Track Box                    |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |tkhd|    |    |    |    |    | Track Header Box             |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |edts|    |    |    |    |    | Edit Box                     |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |    |elst|    |    |    |    | Edit List Box                |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |mdia|    |    |    |    |    | Media Box                    |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |    |mdhd|    |    |    |    | Media Header Box             |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |    |hdlr|    |    |    |    | Handler Reference Box        |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |    |minf|    |    |    |    | Media Information Box        |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |    |    |smhd|    |    |    | Sound Media Header Box       |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |    |    |dinf|    |    |    | Data Information Box         |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |    |    |    |dref|    |    | Data Reference Box           |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |    |    |    |    |url |    | DataEntryUrlBox              |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+ or +----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |    |    |    |    |urn |    | DataEntryUrnBox              |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |    |    |stbl|    |    |    | Sample Table                 |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |    |    |    |stsd|    |    | Sample Description Box       |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |    |    |    |    |Opus|    | OpusSampleEntry              |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |dOps| Opus Specific Box            |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |    |    |    |stts|    |    | Decoding Time to Sample Box  |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |    |    |    |stsc|    |    | Sample To Chunk Box          |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |    |    |    |stsz|    |    | Sample Size Box              |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+ or +----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |    |    |    |stz2|    |    | Compact Sample Size Box      |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |    |    |    |stco|    |    | Chunk Offset Box             |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+ or +----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |    |    |    |co64|    |    | Chunk Large Offset Box       |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |    |    |    |sgpd|    |    | Sample Group Description Box |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |    |    |    |sbgp|    |    | Sample to Group Box          |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |mvex|*   |    |    |    |    |    | Movie Extends Box            |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |trex|*   |    |    |    |    | Track Extends Box            |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
                    Figure 2 - Basic structure of Movie Box
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
            It is strongly recommended that the order of boxes should follow the above structure.
 | 
						|
            Boxes marked with an asterisk (*) may be present.
 | 
						|
            For most boxes listed above, the definition is as is defined in ISO/IEC 14496-12 [1]. The additional boxes
 | 
						|
            and the additional requirements, restrictions and recommendations to the other boxes are described in this
 | 
						|
            specification.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        4.6.2 Movie Fragments<a name="4.6.2"></a>
 | 
						|
            This subclause shows a basic structure of the Movie Fragment Box as follows:
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |moof|    |    |    |    |    |    |    | Movie Fragment Box           |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |mfhd|    |    |    |    |    |    | Movie Fragment Header Box    |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |traf|    |    |    |    |    |    | Track Fragment Box           |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |tfhd|    |    |    |    |    | Track Fragment Header Box    |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |trun|    |    |    |    |    | Track Fragment Run Box       |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |sgpd|*   |    |    |    |    | Sample Group Description Box |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
            |    |    |sbgp|    |    |    |    |    | Sample to Group Box          |
 | 
						|
            +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------------------------------+
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
                    Figure 3 - Basic structure of Movie Fragment Box
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
            It is strongly recommended that the Movie Fragment Header Box and the Track Fragment Header Box be
 | 
						|
            placed first in their container.
 | 
						|
            Boxes marked with an asterisk (*) may be present.
 | 
						|
            For the boxes listed above, the definition is as is defined in ISO/IEC 14496-12 [1].
 | 
						|
<a name="4.7"></a>
 | 
						|
    4.7 Example of Encapsulation (informative)
 | 
						|
        [File]
 | 
						|
            size = 17757
 | 
						|
            [ftyp: File Type Box]
 | 
						|
                position = 0
 | 
						|
                size = 24
 | 
						|
                major_brand = Opus : Opus audio coding
 | 
						|
                minor_version = 0
 | 
						|
                compatible_brands
 | 
						|
                    brand[0] = Opus : Opus audio coding
 | 
						|
                    brand[1] = iso2 : ISO Base Media file format version 2
 | 
						|
            [moov: Movie Box]
 | 
						|
                position = 24
 | 
						|
                size = 757
 | 
						|
                [mvhd: Movie Header Box]
 | 
						|
                    position = 32
 | 
						|
                    size = 108
 | 
						|
                    version = 0
 | 
						|
                    flags = 0x000000
 | 
						|
                    creation_time = UTC 2014/12/12, 18:41:19
 | 
						|
                    modification_time = UTC 2014/12/12, 18:41:19
 | 
						|
                    timescale = 48000
 | 
						|
                    duration = 33600 (00:00:00.700)
 | 
						|
                    rate = 1.000000
 | 
						|
                    volume = 1.000000
 | 
						|
                    reserved = 0x0000
 | 
						|
                    reserved = 0x00000000
 | 
						|
                    reserved = 0x00000000
 | 
						|
                    transformation matrix
 | 
						|
                        | a, b, u |   | 1.000000, 0.000000, 0.000000 |
 | 
						|
                        | c, d, v | = | 0.000000, 1.000000, 0.000000 |
 | 
						|
                        | x, y, w |   | 0.000000, 0.000000, 1.000000 |
 | 
						|
                    pre_defined = 0x00000000
 | 
						|
                    pre_defined = 0x00000000
 | 
						|
                    pre_defined = 0x00000000
 | 
						|
                    pre_defined = 0x00000000
 | 
						|
                    pre_defined = 0x00000000
 | 
						|
                    pre_defined = 0x00000000
 | 
						|
                    next_track_ID = 2
 | 
						|
                [trak: Track Box]
 | 
						|
                    position = 140
 | 
						|
                    size = 608
 | 
						|
                    [tkhd: Track Header Box]
 | 
						|
                        position = 148
 | 
						|
                        size = 92
 | 
						|
                        version = 0
 | 
						|
                        flags = 0x000007
 | 
						|
                            Track enabled
 | 
						|
                            Track in movie
 | 
						|
                            Track in preview
 | 
						|
                        creation_time = UTC 2014/12/12, 18:41:19
 | 
						|
                        modification_time = UTC 2014/12/12, 18:41:19
 | 
						|
                        track_ID = 1
 | 
						|
                        reserved = 0x00000000
 | 
						|
                        duration = 33600 (00:00:00.700)
 | 
						|
                        reserved = 0x00000000
 | 
						|
                        reserved = 0x00000000
 | 
						|
                        layer = 0
 | 
						|
                        alternate_group = 0
 | 
						|
                        volume = 1.000000
 | 
						|
                        reserved = 0x0000
 | 
						|
                        transformation matrix
 | 
						|
                            | a, b, u |   | 1.000000, 0.000000, 0.000000 |
 | 
						|
                            | c, d, v | = | 0.000000, 1.000000, 0.000000 |
 | 
						|
                            | x, y, w |   | 0.000000, 0.000000, 1.000000 |
 | 
						|
                        width = 0.000000
 | 
						|
                        height = 0.000000
 | 
						|
                    [edts: Edit Box]
 | 
						|
                        position = 240
 | 
						|
                        size = 36
 | 
						|
                        [elst: Edit List Box]
 | 
						|
                            position = 281
 | 
						|
                            size = 28
 | 
						|
                            version = 0
 | 
						|
                            flags = 0x000000
 | 
						|
                            entry_count = 1
 | 
						|
                            entry[0]
 | 
						|
                                segment_duration = 33600
 | 
						|
                                media_time = 312
 | 
						|
                                media_rate = 1.000000
 | 
						|
                    [mdia: Media Box]
 | 
						|
                        position = 276
 | 
						|
                        size = 472
 | 
						|
                        [mdhd: Media Header Box]
 | 
						|
                            position = 284
 | 
						|
                            size = 32
 | 
						|
                            version = 0
 | 
						|
                            flags = 0x000000
 | 
						|
                            creation_time = UTC 2014/12/12, 18:41:19
 | 
						|
                            modification_time = UTC 2014/12/12, 18:41:19
 | 
						|
                            timescale = 48000
 | 
						|
                            duration = 34560 (00:00:00.720)
 | 
						|
                            language = und
 | 
						|
                            pre_defined = 0x0000
 | 
						|
                        [hdlr: Handler Reference Box]
 | 
						|
                            position = 316
 | 
						|
                            size = 51
 | 
						|
                            version = 0
 | 
						|
                            flags = 0x000000
 | 
						|
                            pre_defined = 0x00000000
 | 
						|
                            handler_type = soun
 | 
						|
                            reserved = 0x00000000
 | 
						|
                            reserved = 0x00000000
 | 
						|
                            reserved = 0x00000000
 | 
						|
                            name = Xiph Audio Handler
 | 
						|
                        [minf: Media Information Box]
 | 
						|
                            position = 367
 | 
						|
                            size = 381
 | 
						|
                            [smhd: Sound Media Header Box]
 | 
						|
                                position = 375
 | 
						|
                                size = 16
 | 
						|
                                version = 0
 | 
						|
                                flags = 0x000000
 | 
						|
                                balance = 0.000000
 | 
						|
                                reserved = 0x0000
 | 
						|
                            [dinf: Data Information Box]
 | 
						|
                                position = 391
 | 
						|
                                size = 36
 | 
						|
                                [dref: Data Reference Box]
 | 
						|
                                    position = 399
 | 
						|
                                    size = 28
 | 
						|
                                    version = 0
 | 
						|
                                    flags = 0x000000
 | 
						|
                                    entry_count = 1
 | 
						|
                                    [url : Data Entry Url Box]
 | 
						|
                                        position = 415
 | 
						|
                                        size = 12
 | 
						|
                                        version = 0
 | 
						|
                                        flags = 0x000001
 | 
						|
                                        location = in the same file
 | 
						|
                            [stbl: Sample Table Box]
 | 
						|
                                position = 427
 | 
						|
                                size = 321
 | 
						|
                                [stsd: Sample Description Box]
 | 
						|
                                    position = 435
 | 
						|
                                    size = 79
 | 
						|
                                    version = 0
 | 
						|
                                    flags = 0x000000
 | 
						|
                                    entry_count = 1
 | 
						|
                                    [Opus: Audio Description]
 | 
						|
                                        position = 451
 | 
						|
                                        size = 63
 | 
						|
                                        reserved = 0x000000000000
 | 
						|
                                        data_reference_index = 1
 | 
						|
                                        reserved = 0x0000
 | 
						|
                                        reserved = 0x0000
 | 
						|
                                        reserved = 0x00000000
 | 
						|
                                        channelcount = 6
 | 
						|
                                        samplesize = 16
 | 
						|
                                        pre_defined = 0
 | 
						|
                                        reserved = 0
 | 
						|
                                        samplerate = 48000.000000
 | 
						|
                                        [dOps: Opus Specific Box]
 | 
						|
                                            position = 487
 | 
						|
                                            size = 27
 | 
						|
                                            Version = 0
 | 
						|
                                            OutputChannelCount = 6
 | 
						|
                                            PreSkip = 312
 | 
						|
                                            InputSampleRate = 48000
 | 
						|
                                            OutputGain = 0
 | 
						|
                                            ChannelMappingFamily = 1
 | 
						|
                                            StreamCount = 4
 | 
						|
                                            CoupledCount = 2
 | 
						|
                                            ChannelMapping
 | 
						|
                                                0 -> 0: front left
 | 
						|
                                                1 -> 4: fron center
 | 
						|
                                                2 -> 1: front right
 | 
						|
                                                3 -> 2: side left
 | 
						|
                                                4 -> 3: side right
 | 
						|
                                                5 -> 5: rear center
 | 
						|
                                [stts: Decoding Time to Sample Box]
 | 
						|
                                    position = 514
 | 
						|
                                    size = 24
 | 
						|
                                    version = 0
 | 
						|
                                    flags = 0x000000
 | 
						|
                                    entry_count = 1
 | 
						|
                                    entry[0]
 | 
						|
                                        sample_count = 18
 | 
						|
                                        sample_delta = 1920
 | 
						|
                                [stsc: Sample To Chunk Box]
 | 
						|
                                    position = 538
 | 
						|
                                    size = 40
 | 
						|
                                    version = 0
 | 
						|
                                    flags = 0x000000
 | 
						|
                                    entry_count = 2
 | 
						|
                                    entry[0]
 | 
						|
                                        first_chunk = 1
 | 
						|
                                        samples_per_chunk = 13
 | 
						|
                                        sample_description_index = 1
 | 
						|
                                    entry[1]
 | 
						|
                                        first_chunk = 2
 | 
						|
                                        samples_per_chunk = 5
 | 
						|
                                        sample_description_index = 1
 | 
						|
                                [stsz: Sample Size Box]
 | 
						|
                                    position = 578
 | 
						|
                                    size = 92
 | 
						|
                                    version = 0
 | 
						|
                                    flags = 0x000000
 | 
						|
                                    sample_size = 0 (variable)
 | 
						|
                                    sample_count = 18
 | 
						|
                                    entry_size[0] = 977
 | 
						|
                                    entry_size[1] = 938
 | 
						|
                                    entry_size[2] = 939
 | 
						|
                                    entry_size[3] = 938
 | 
						|
                                    entry_size[4] = 934
 | 
						|
                                    entry_size[5] = 945
 | 
						|
                                    entry_size[6] = 948
 | 
						|
                                    entry_size[7] = 956
 | 
						|
                                    entry_size[8] = 955
 | 
						|
                                    entry_size[9] = 930
 | 
						|
                                    entry_size[10] = 933
 | 
						|
                                    entry_size[11] = 934
 | 
						|
                                    entry_size[12] = 972
 | 
						|
                                    entry_size[13] = 977
 | 
						|
                                    entry_size[14] = 958
 | 
						|
                                    entry_size[15] = 949
 | 
						|
                                    entry_size[16] = 962
 | 
						|
                                    entry_size[17] = 848
 | 
						|
                                [stco: Chunk Offset Box]
 | 
						|
                                    position = 670
 | 
						|
                                    size = 24
 | 
						|
                                    version = 0
 | 
						|
                                    flags = 0x000000
 | 
						|
                                    entry_count = 2
 | 
						|
                                    chunk_offset[0] = 797
 | 
						|
                                    chunk_offset[1] = 13096
 | 
						|
                                [sgpd: Sample Group Description Box]
 | 
						|
                                    position = 694
 | 
						|
                                    size = 26
 | 
						|
                                    version = 1
 | 
						|
                                    flags = 0x000000
 | 
						|
                                    grouping_type = roll
 | 
						|
                                    default_length = 2 (constant)
 | 
						|
                                    entry_count = 1
 | 
						|
                                    roll_distance[0] = -2
 | 
						|
                                [sbgp: Sample to Group Box]
 | 
						|
                                    position = 720
 | 
						|
                                    size = 28
 | 
						|
                                    version = 0
 | 
						|
                                    flags = 0x000000
 | 
						|
                                    grouping_type = roll
 | 
						|
                                    entry_count = 1
 | 
						|
                                    entry[0]
 | 
						|
                                        sample_count = 18
 | 
						|
                                        group_description_index = 1
 | 
						|
            [free: Free Space Box]
 | 
						|
                position = 748
 | 
						|
                size = 8
 | 
						|
            [mdat: Media Data Box]
 | 
						|
                position = 756
 | 
						|
                size = 17001
 | 
						|
<a name="5"></a>
 | 
						|
5 Authors' Address
 | 
						|
    Yusuke Nakamura
 | 
						|
        Email: muken.the.vfrmaniac |at| gmail.com
 | 
						|
        </div>
 | 
						|
    </body>
 | 
						|
</html>
 | 
						|
 |